Turner broadcasting system компании time warner был основан в

This article is about the company. For the namesake channel that was owned by this company, see TBS (American TV channel).

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.

Turner Broadcasting System 2015.svg
Atlanta-cnn-center-aerial.jpg

One of Turner’s several locations in Atlanta is CNN Center
Formerly Turner Communications Group (1965–1979)
Type Subsidiary
Industry
  • Entertainment
  • Cable television
  • Mass media
  • Interactive media
Founded May 12, 1965; 57 years ago
Founder Ted Turner
Fate Assets dispersed to other WarnerMedia/Warner Bros. Discovery divisions
Successors
  • Warner Bros. Discovery Networks
  • Warner Bros. Discovery International
  • Warner Bros. Discovery Sports
  • CNN Global
Headquarters CNN Center,

Atlanta, Georgia

,

U.S.

Key people
  • Casey Bloys
    (President/Head of programming)
  • Gerhard Zeiler
    (President, Warner Bros. Discovery International)[1]
Brands
  • TBS
  • TNT
  • TruTV
Parent
  • Independent (1965–1996)
  • WarnerMedia (1996–2019)

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. was an American television and media conglomerate. Founded by Ted Turner and based in Atlanta, Georgia, it merged with Time Warner (later WarnerMedia) on October 10, 1996. As of April 2022, all of its assets are now owned by Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD). The headquarters of Turner’s properties are largely located at the CNN Center in Downtown Atlanta, and the Turner Broadcasting campus off Techwood Drive in Midtown Atlanta, which also houses Turner Studios. Some of their operations are housed within WBD’s corporate and global headquarters inside 30 Hudson Yards in Manhattan’s West Side district, and at 230 Park Avenue South in Midtown Manhattan, both in New York City, respectively.

Turner is known for several pioneering innovations in U.S. multichannel television, including its satellite uplink of local Atlanta independent station WTCG channel 17 as TBS—one of the first national «superstations», and its establishment of CNN—the first 24-hour news channel. It later launched a sister cable network, TNT, the children’s channel Cartoon Network, and the movie channel Turner Classic Movies (TCM). Turner South—a network devoted to regional sports and southern lifestyle programming—was launched by Turner in 1999, but was later sold to Fox Sports Networks in 2006 to form SportSouth. The same year, it acquired Liberty Media’s stake in their joint venture Court TV.

On June 14, 2018, Time Warner, including Turner Broadcasting System, was acquired by telecom firm AT&T and re-branded WarnerMedia. After the purchase, «Turner» was phased out as a corporate brand, and on March 4, 2019, its properties were dispersed into either WarnerMedia Entertainment (TBS, TNT, and TruTV), WarnerMedia News & Sports (CNN, Turner Sports, and AT&T SportsNet), or brought directly under Warner Bros. (Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, and Turner Classic Movies). On August 10, 2020, the WarnerMedia Entertainment and Warner Bros. Entertainment assets were merged to form WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group.[2][3]

As of 2020, AT&T reported the financial results for WarnerMedia’s ad-supported cable networks under the Turner business unit,[4] while also using the term «the TNets» to refer to the group of TBS, TNT, and TruTV in press releases.[5][6][7] On April 8, 2022, WarnerMedia merged with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery, and almost all of both companies’ ad-supported cable networks were brought under the unit Warner Bros. Discovery U.S. Networks.

History[edit]

Turner Broadcasting System logo until 2015

Former Turner Broadcasting System logo, used until 2015. This logo was originally introduced in 1965; shown here is the 2006 version. It contains subtle differences from the 1965 version.

Early history[edit]

Turner Broadcasting System traces its roots to a billboard company in Savannah, Georgia, purchased by Robert Edward Turner II in the late 1940s.[8] Turner grew the business, which later became known as Turner Advertising Company.[8] Robert Edward Turner’s son, Ted Turner, inherited the company when the elder Turner died in 1963.[8] After taking over the company, Ted Turner expanded the business into radio and television.[8]

Turner Broadcasting System as a formal entity was incorporated in Georgia on May 12, 1965.[9]

1970s[edit]

In 1970, Ted Turner purchased WJRJ-Atlanta, Channel 17, a small, Ultra High Frequency (UHF) station, and renamed it WTCG, for parent company Turner Communications Group.[10][11] During December 1976, WTCG originated the «superstation» concept, transmitting via satellite to cable systems.[10]

On December 17, 1976, at 1:00 pm, WTCG Channel 17’s signal was beamed via satellite to its four cable systems in Grand Island, Nebraska; Newport News, Virginia; Troy, Alabama; and Newton, Kansas. All four cable systems started receiving the 1948 Dana Andrews – Cesar Romero film Deep Waters already in progress. The movie had started 30 minutes earlier. WTCG went from being a little television station to a major TV network that every one of the 24,000 households outside of the 675,000 in Atlanta was receiving coast-to-coast. WTCG became a so-called Superstation and created a precedent of today’s basic cable television.

HBO had gone to satellite transmissions to distribute its signal nationally in 1975, but that was a service that cable subscribers were made to pay extra to receive. Ted Turner’s innovation signaled the start of the basic cable revolution.

In 1979, the company changed its name to Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (TBS, Inc.) and the call letters of its main entertainment channel to WTBS.

1980s[edit]

On June 1, 1980, Cable News Network (CNN) was launched at 5:00 p.m. EDT becoming the first 24-hour news cable channel. The husband and wife team of Dave Walker and Lois Hart news anchored the first newscast. Burt Reinhardt, then executive vice president of CNN, hired most of the channel’s first 200 employees and 25-member staff including Bernard Shaw, the network’s first news anchor.

In 1981, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Brut Productions from Faberge Inc.[12]

Also in 1981, WTBS began its usage of «Turner Time» in June 1981, in which programming began at five minutes after the top and bottom of each hour, instead of the broadcasting norm of beginning at the top and bottom of the hour.

In 1984, Turner initiated Cable Music Channel, his competition for WASEC’s MTV. The channel was short-lived, but helped influence the original format of VH1.

In 1986, after a failed attempt to acquire CBS, Turner purchased the film studio MGM/UA Entertainment Co. from Kirk Kerkorian for $1.5 billion. Following the acquisition, Turner had an enormous debt and sold parts of the acquisition. MGM/UA Entertainment was sold back to Kirk Kerkorian. The MGM/UA Studio lot in Culver City was sold to Lorimar-Telepictures. Turner kept MGM’s pre-May 1986 film and TV library as well as the Associated Artists Productions library (the pre-1950[13][14] Warner Bros. film library and the Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios Popeye cartoons originally released by Paramount Pictures), and the U.S./Canadian distribution rights to the RKO Pictures library. Turner Entertainment Co. was founded on August 4, 1986.

Turner Program Services («TPS»), a subsidiary under the Turner umbrella, began domestic syndication of all of the properties acquired under the final disposition of the MGM deal with Kerkorian. TPS inherited over 5,000 program orders (executed, letters of intent) to have domestic syndication agreements prepared and sent in order to «formally» contractually license films for airing on domestic, free-over-the-air television stations throughout the U.S. The contractual «back-log» was caught up by the end of 1989, while still administering to all of a domestic TV station’s syndication needs. In 1987, top-rated television network NBC was considered bidding for a piece of the company in an effort to enter the cable business, but the deal was never materialized.[15]

In 1989, TBS Management Company, under the leadership of Charles Shultz (Ted’s first company controller at the original, small TV station), advanced the focus on the two music performing rights subsidiaries: one with Broadcast Music, Inc («BMI») and ASCAP. In the space of 1989 to 1994, Turner went from 2 subsidiary music publishing companies to no less than sixteen.

On October 3, 1988, the company launched Turner Network Television (TNT).[16]

1990s[edit]

Turner expanded its presence in movie production and distribution, first with the 1991 purchase of the Hanna-Barbera animation studio during a competitive bid with MCA/Universal, Hallmark Cards, and several other corporations.[17] On December 22, 1993, Turner acquired Castle Rock Entertainment. Turner purchased New Line Cinema a month later.[18][19][20]

Turner launched Cartoon Network on October 1, 1992, followed by Turner Classic Movies (TCM) on April 14, 1994.

On October 10, 1996, Turner merged with Time Warner, a company formed in 1990[21] by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications,[22] and which had held 20% of Turner Broadcasting in the past.[23] Through this merger, Warner Bros. had regained the rights to its pre-1950 library, while Turner gained access to the company’s post-1950 library and other properties.

2000s[edit]

In 2002, the Indian division of Turner started a joint venture with Zee Entertainment Enterprises known as Zee Turner for distribution.

In 2003, Philip I. Kent succeeded Jamie Kellner as chairman. Operational duties for The WB were transferred by Time Warner from Warner Bros. to Turner Broadcasting during 2001, while Kellner was chairman, but were returned to Warner Bros. in 2003 with the departure of Kellner.

On January 1, 2004, Turner launched Pogo TV in India as the sister channel to Cartoon Network India. The channel is exclusive to South Asia.

On February 23, 2006, the company agreed to sell the regional entertainment channel Turner South to Fox Entertainment Group.[24] Fox assumed control of the channel on May 1, and on October 13 relaunched it as SportSouth – coincidentally, the former name of Fox Sports South when Turner owned this channel in partnership with Liberty Media between 1990 and 1996.[25]

In May 2006, Time Warner, which had owned 50% of Court TV since 1998, purchased the remaining 50% from Liberty Media and began running the channel as part of Turner Broadcasting. The channel was relaunched as TruTV on January 1, 2008.

Also in May 2006, Ted Turner attended his last meeting as a board member of Time Warner and officially parted with the company.[26]

On October 5, 2007, Turner Broadcasting System completed the acquisition of Claxson Interactive Pay Television Networks in Latin America.[27][unreliable source?]

On March 2, 2009, Turner launched Real, the company’s first Hindi GEC, in India as a joint venture between it and Alva Brothers Entertainment, which it had partnered with before for content on Cartoon Network India and Pogo TV. The joint venture was known as Real Global Broadcasting. The channel was followed by WB India, which launched on March 15, 2009. The channel shut down in March of 2010 after lasting for a year due to low viewership.

On December 8, 2009, it was announced that Turner had bought a majority stake in NDTV Imagine Ltd. from NDTV, as the company’s own channel, Real was struggling. NDTV Imagine Ltd. was previously a joint venture between NDTV and NBCUniversal. Turner then went on to acquire 100% of NDTV Imagine Ltd. which included NDTV Imagine, NDTV Lumiere, Imagine Showbiz and NDTV Imagine Pictures. Turner dropped the NDTV branding from the channels. Turner sold Imagine Showbiz to Reliance Broadcast Network in 2011.

2010s[edit]

On August 26, 2010, Turner Broadcasting took full control of Chilevisión, a television channel owned by the President of Chile Sebastián Piñera.[28]

On September 8, 2011, Turner Broadcasting System acquired LazyTown Entertainment, the producer of the TV series LazyTown.[29]

On January 1, 2014, John K. Martin succeeded Phil Kent as chairman and CEO of Turner Broadcasting.[30]

In August 2014, The Wrap reported that Turner was preparing to offer buy-outs to 550 employees as part of plans to restructure the company heading into 2015. The ratings performance of CNN and HLN were cited as a factor, while CBSSports.com reported that the rising rights fees Turner pays for its NBA broadcasts on TNT may have also been a factor.[31][32] It was further reported in October 2014 that the company planned to reduce its workforce by 10% (1,475 people) through layoffs across a wide set of units including corporate positions.[33]

On August 14, 2015, it was announced that Turner Broadcasting had acquired a majority stake in iStreamPlanet, a Las Vegas-based video streaming services company, in an effort to bolster its over-the-top programming and shift its core technology infrastructure to the cloud. iStreamPlanet is a direct competitor of Major League Baseball Advanced Media. The deal was reported to be in the neighborhood of $200 million.[34] In October 2015, Turner launched a streaming-video network named Great Big Story.[35]

In April 2017, in order to expedite the sale of Time Warner to AT&T by shedding FCC-licensed properties, WPCH-TV was sold to Meredith Corporation, which had already been operating WPCH under a local marketing agreement since 2011 as a sister to its local CBS affiliate WGCL-TV.[36] Turner Podcast Network was formed within Turner’s content distribution division in June 2017, with Tyler Moody being named general manager and vice president of the unit.[37]

On March 22, 2018, Six Flags and Riverside Group announced a partnership with Turner Asia Pacific to bring attractions based on Tuzki and other Turner-owned IPs to its theme parks in China.[38]

On June 15, 2018, it was announced that John Martin would be leaving as CEO following AT&T’s completed acquisition of Time Warner.[39] By September, AT&T had transferred its Audience channel, a group of regional sports networks plus stakes in Game Show Network and MLB Network to Turner from AT&T Communications.[40][failed verification]

In December 2018, Turner Broadcasting sold the rights to the brand and its pre-2008 original programming library of defunct cable network Court TV (which relaunched as truTV in 2008) to Katz Broadcasting, with plans to re-launch it as an over-the-air digital network in May 2019.[41][42]

On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of its broadcasting assets to effectively dissolve Turner Broadcasting System. Its assets are to be dispersed across multiple units of WarnerMedia, including the newly created WarnerMedia Entertainment and WarnerMedia News & Sports. WarnerMedia Entertainment would consist of HBO, TBS, TNT, TruTV, and an upcoming direct-to-consumer video service (led by former NBC entertainment chief Robert Greenblatt), while WarnerMedia News & Sports would consist of CNN, Turner Sports, and the AT&T SportsNet regional networks (which would be led by CNN Worldwide president Jeff Zucker). Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang, and Turner Classic Movies would be moved under Warner Bros. Entertainment via the new «Global Kids & Young Adults» business unit.[43][44] Although AT&T did not specify any timetable for the changes, WarnerMedia had already begun to remove references to Turner Broadcasting in corporate communications, with press releases referring to its networks as being «divisions of WarnerMedia».[45]

2020s[edit]

On August 10, 2020, WarnerMedia restructured several of its units in a major corporate revamp that resulted in TBS, TNT and TruTV being brought back under the same umbrella as Cartoon Network/Adult Swim, Boomerang and TCM, under a consolidation of WarnerMedia Entertainment and Warner Bros. Entertainment’s respective assets that formed the combined WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group unit. Casey Bloys—who has been with WarnerMedia since 2004 (as director of development at HBO Independent Productions), and was eventually elevated to President of Programming at HBO and Cinemax in May 2016—added oversight of WarnerMedia’s basic cable networks and HBO Max to his purview.[2][3][46]

On April 8, 2022, WarnerMedia was divested by AT&T and merged with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD). All linear networks owned by the company, besides CNN, Turner Sports, HBO, and Magnolia Network, are overseen by Kathleen Finch as head of Warner Bros. Discovery Networks U.S.,[47][48][49] which resulted in Brett Weitz being removed as general manager of TBS, TNT, and TruTV after 14 years with the networks.[50] The News and Sports division was also split up into separate CNN Global and Warner Bros. Discovery Sports divisions, with the latter also including Discovery’s sports properties such as Eurosport.[48][49]

Assets[edit]

  • TBS
  • TNT
  • TruTV

Former properties and assets[edit]

Transferred to Warner Bros.[edit]

  • Castle Rock Entertainment — A film production company
  • Hanna-Barbera Cartoons — An animation studio (Folded into Warner Bros. Animation in 2001)
  • New Line Cinema — A film production company
  • Turner Entertainment Co. — A film holding company
    • Turner Pictures — A defunct in-house production company
    • Turner Pictures Worldwide Distribution — An international distribution sales unit
    • Turner Feature Animation — A defunct animation unit
    • Turner Home Entertainment — A defunct home video distributor (Merged into Warner Home Video)
    • Turner Program Services — A former syndication arm − (Merged into Warner Bros’ Telepictures Productions)
  • The WB — A defunct broadcast television network (with Tribune Broadcasting, 2001–2003; merged with UPN to form The CW in 2006)
  • Transferred to Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment
    • Adult Swim Games
    • Cartoon Network Games
  • Transferred to Warner Bros. Television Studios
    • Cartoon Network Studios
    • Cartoon Network Productions (In conjunction with The Cartoon Network, Inc.)
    • Williams Street
      • Williams Street Records
      • Williams Street West
  • Transferred to Warner Bros. Television Studios UK
    • Hanna-Barbera Studios Europe

Transferred to Warner Bros. Discovery Networks[edit]

Note: These assets were temporarily part of Turner Entertainment Networks & Warner Bros. under WarnerMedia Studios & Networks within the WarnerMedia era.

An (*) indicates the assets was once part of Warner Bros. Global Kids, Young Adults and Classics.

The Cartoon Network, Inc.[edit]

  • Cartoon Network*
  • Adult Swim*
  • Boomerang*

Entertainment Group[edit]

  • TBS
  • TNT
  • TruTV
  • Turner Classic Movies*
    • Now Playing (magazine)

Shuttered[edit]

  • Cable Music Channel — A defunct television channel
  • CNN+, a joint-venture between Turner (50%) and Sogecable that is only aired in Spain, closed down in late 2010.
  • CNNfn — A defunct television channel
  • CNN/SI — A defunct television channel
  • FilmStruck — A defunct film streaming service
  • HBO South Asia
  • Mondo Mah-jong TV (Japan)
  • Studio T — a defunct production company.
  • Super Deluxe — An defunct entertainment company
  • Tabi Tele (Japan)
  • TCM South East Asia
  • Toonami Channel (Asia)
  • Toonami India
  • WB India
  • Real (TV channel) (India)
  • Imagine TV (India)

Divested[edit]

  • Atlanta Hawks, Atlanta Thrashers and Philips Arena – sold in 2004 to Atlanta Spirit Group, Thrashers resold in 2011 to True North Sports and Entertainment and now known as the Winnipeg Jets. Hawks resold in 2015 to Tony Ressler
  • Chilevisión — A Chilean Free-to-air television channel, sold to Paramount Global
  • Game Show Network (42%)
  • GameTap — sold to Metaboli in 2008, later closed in 2010
  • Hulu (10%)
  • Showtime Scandinavia through NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
  • Silver, independent and international movies, through NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
  • SportSouth — A regional sports network (Now owned by Diamond Sports Group as Bally Sports South)
  • Turner South — A regional television channel (Now owned by Diamond Sports Group as Bally Sports Southeast)
  • Woohoo (Brazil)
  • Universal Wrestling Corporation — A professional wrestling promotion formerly known as World Championship Wrestling. Currently a non-operational company, select assets are now owned by WWE through WCW, Inc.[51]
  • WCNC-TV — A terrestrial broadcasting station in Charlotte (now owned by Tegna Inc.)
  • WPCH-TV — A terrestrial broadcasting station in Atlanta and a former superstation (now owned by Gray Television)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Stelter, Brian (15 June 2018). «Time Warner’s new name: WarnerMedia». CNNMoney. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  2. ^ a b Hayes, Dade (10 August 2020). «WarnerMedia Begins Layoffs In Latest Streamlining Effort». Deadline Hollywood. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  3. ^ a b Goldberg, Lesley (7 August 2020). «Bob Greenblatt, Kevin Reilly Out Amid Major WarnerMedia Restructuring». The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  4. ^ «AT&T 2020 1Q 10-Q filing». Securities and Exchange Commission. 5 May 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  5. ^ Schneider, Michael (4 May 2022). «SAG Awards Will No Longer Air on TNT and TBS After 25 Years». Variety. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
  6. ^ «The TNets Launch the MORE Campaign | Pressroom». pressroom.warnermedia.com. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  7. ^ «Breaking News — The TNets Announce Summer Premiere Dates for New & Returning Series | TheFutonCritic.com». The Futon Critic. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  8. ^ a b c d Turner, Ted (2008). Call Me Ted. New York: Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 978-0-446-58189-9.
  9. ^ «Turner Broadcasting System, Inc». Georgia Corporations Division. Georgia Secretary of State. Archived from the original on 13 February 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  10. ^ a b «Ted Turner’s Former Superstation TBS Has Been Sold». adweek.it. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  11. ^ Wu, Tim (11 November 2010). «Ted Turner, the Alexander the Great of Television». Slate Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  12. ^ «Faberge Sells Brut’s Assets». The New York Times. 1 January 1982. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  13. ^ You Must Remember This: The Warner Bros. Story, (2008) p. 255.
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  15. ^ Mitchell, Kim (25 November 1987). «NBC Discussing Plan To Acquire Interest In TBS». Variety. pp. 92, 98.
  16. ^ Brennan, James E. (2 October 1988). «NEW TNT CHANNEL BEGINS MONDAY ON CABLE SYSTEMS». The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
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  20. ^ «Turner Broadcasting Company Report». U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  21. ^ «FAQs – Time Warner – Investor Relations – Time Warner Inc». Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  22. ^ «Time-TBS merger closed – Oct. 10, 1996». CNNMoney. CNN. 10 October 1996. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
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  24. ^ Becker, Anne. «Time Warner Sells Turner South to Fox». Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
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  26. ^ Weber, Harry (19 May 2006). «Ted Turner Bids Farewell to Time Warner». The Washington Post. AP. Archived from the original on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  27. ^ «Claxson Interactive Group Inc (XSONF.PK)». Reuters. Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  28. ^ «Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. to Acquire Chilevisión». 25 August 2010. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  29. ^ Turner, Mimi (8 September 2011). «‘Lazytown’ Founder Sells To Turner Broadcasting For $25 Million». The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  30. ^ «Turner». John Martin Bio. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  31. ^ «550 Buyouts, Layoffs Imminent at Turner; HLN, CNN Among Cuts (Exclusive)». The Wrap. 19 August 2014. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  32. ^ «Report: Turner to fire 550 people in advance of rising NBA rights deal». CBSSports.com. CBS Interactive. 26 August 2014. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  33. ^ Friedman, Wayne (6 October 2014). «Turner Broadcasting To Cut 10% Of Workforce». MediaDailyNews. New York: MediaPost Communications. Archived from the original on 18 March 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  34. ^ Ramachandran, Shalini (14 August 2015). «Time Warner’s Turner Cable Unit Acquires Majority Stake In iStreamPlanet». The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  35. ^ «CNN, Turner Launch Great Big Story Streaming-Video Network». Deadline Hollywood. 20 October 2015. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  36. ^ Shields, Todd (17 April 2017). «Time Warner TV-Station Sale Approved, Easing AT&T Deal Path». Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  37. ^ Rubin, Rebecca (6 June 2017). «TV News Roundup: Zoe Saldana to Develop Adaptation of Israeli Unscripted Series ‘Mothers’«. Variety. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
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  39. ^ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (15 June 2018). «Turner CEO John Martin To Depart, Time Warner To Become WarnerMedia». Deadline. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  40. ^ «SEC-Show». otp.tools.investis.com. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  41. ^ Battaglio, Stephen (10 December 2018). «Court TV is coming back, thanks to E.W. Scripps decision». Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2018.
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  45. ^ Schneider, Michael (12 March 2019). «What the End of the Turner Brand Could Mean for Its Channels». Variety. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  46. ^ Siegel, Tatiana (10 August 2020). «WarnerMedia Begins Massive Round of Layoffs». The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  47. ^ Andreeva, Nellie (9 April 2022). «Chip & Joanna Gaines’ Road From HGTV To HBO As ‘Fixer Upper’ Stars Switch Sides Post-WB/Discovery Merger». Deadline. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  48. ^ a b Maas, Jennifer (8 April 2022). «What Warner Bros. Discovery Looks Like on Day 1». Variety. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  49. ^ a b Hayes, Dade (9 April 2022). «Warner Bros Discovery Merger: Who’s In, Who’s Out In The Executive Ranks». Deadline. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  50. ^ Andreeva, Nellie (11 May 2022). «Brett Weitz Exits As General Manager Of TNT, TBS & truTV». Deadline. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
  51. ^ «WCW: How It Died, and How WWE and Vince McMahon Made Sure It Never Rose Again». Bleacher Report. Turner Broadcasting System. Archived from the original on 19 April 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2015.

External links[edit]

  • Turner Broadcasting System (Archive)
  • Turner Broadcasting System on Twitter Edit this at Wikidata
Источник
Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.

Система вещания Тернера 2015.svg
Атланта-cnn-center-aerial.jpg

Одно из нескольких мест Тернера в Атланте — Центр Си-Эн-Эн.

Тип Дочернее предприятие
Промышленность
Основан 12 мая 1965 г . ; 56 лет назад
Основатель Тед Тернер
Судьба Активы рассредоточены по другим подразделениям WarnerMedia
Штаб-квартира

Атланта , Джорджия

,

нас

Действующие лица
Бренды
  • TBS
  • TNT
  • TruTV
Родитель Независимый (1965-1996)
WarnerMedia (1996-настоящее время)
Дочерние компании

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (сокращенно Turner ) американское телевидение и медиа — конгломерат , часть AT & T «s WarnerMedia . Основанная Тедом Тернером и базирующаяся в Атланте, штат Джорджия , 10 октября 1996 года она объединилась с Time Warner . Среди ее основных активов были одноименные TBS , TNT , CNN и TruTV . Он также лицензировал или имел доли владения в международных версиях этой собственности. Штаб-квартира собственности Тернера расположена как в центре CNN в центре Атланты , так и в кампусе Turner Broadcasting на улице Techwood Drive в центре Атланты , где также находятся студии Turner Studios .

Компания была известна несколькими новаторскими инновациями в области многоканального телевидения США , в том числе ее спутниковым восходящим каналом связи с местной независимой станцией в Атланте, каналом 17 WTCG, как одной из первых национальных « суперстанций », и созданием CNN — первого круглосуточного новостного канала .

14 июня 2018 года Time Warner была приобретена телекоммуникационной компанией AT&T и переименована в WarnerMedia. 4 марта 2019 года AT&T объявила о крупной реорганизации WarnerMedia, в результате которой Тернер фактически распался как операционная бизнес-единица, разделив часть ее собственности на два новых подразделения — WarnerMedia Entertainment (состоящую из развлекательных кабельных каналов Тернера и HBO , но исключая TCM). и WarnerMedia News & Sports (CNN, Turner Sports и региональные спортивные сети AT&T SportsNet ) — при передаче других в другое подразделение WarnerMedia Warner Bros. (Cartoon Network, Adult Swim и TCM). Корпоративный бренд Turner также был прекращен в отношении этих сетей. 10 августа 2020 года WarnerMedia преобразовала развлекательные сети Тернера в единое зонтичное подразделение путем объединения активов WarnerMedia Entertainment и Warner Bros. Entertainment в новое подразделение, WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group. По состоянию на 2020 год AT&T по-прежнему сообщает финансовые результаты кабельных сетей WarnerMedia, поддерживаемых рекламой, в рамках бизнес-подразделения Turner.

История

Логотип Turner Broadcasting System до 2015 года

Бывший логотип Turner Broadcasting System, использовавшийся с 1979 по 2015 год.

История ранних веков

Turner Broadcasting System ведет свою историю от компании по производству рекламных щитов в Саванне, штат Джорджия, которую в конце 1940-х годов купил Роберт Эдвард Тернер II. Тернер вырос в бизнесе, который позже стал известен как Turner Advertising Company. Сын Роберта Эдварда Тернера, Тед Тернер , унаследовал компанию, когда Тернер-старший умер в 1963 году. После того, как Тед Тернер возглавил компанию, Тед Тернер расширил бизнес до радио и телевидения.

Turner Broadcasting System как формальная организация была зарегистрирована в Джорджии в мае 1965 года.

1970-е

В 1970 году Тед Тернер приобрел WJRJ-Atlanta, Channel 17, небольшую станцию сверхвысокой частоты (UHF), и переименовал ее в WTCG для материнской компании Turner Communications Group. В декабре 1976 года WTCG разработала концепцию «суперстанции», передающей через спутник в кабельные системы.

17 декабря 1976 года в 13:00 сигнал канала 17 WTCG был передан через спутник на его четыре кабельные системы на Гранд-Айленде, Небраска ; Ньюпорт-Ньюс, Вирджиния ; Трой, штат Алабама ; и Ньютон, Канзас . Все четыре кабельные системы начали получать фильм Даны Эндрюс — Сезара Ромеро 1948 года « Глубокие воды», который уже снимался . Фильм начался 30 минут назад. WTCG превратилась из маленькой телевизионной станции в крупную телевизионную сеть, которую получали от побережья до побережья каждое из 24 000 семей, кроме 675 000 в Атланте. WTCG превратился в так называемую суперстанцию и создал прецедент современного кабельного телевидения .

HBO перешла на спутниковую передачу, чтобы распространять свой сигнал на национальном уровне в 1975 году, но за эту услугу абонентам кабельного телевидения пришлось платить дополнительно. Нововведения Теда Тернера ознаменовали начало фундаментальной кабельной революции.

В 1979 году компания сменила название на Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (TBS, Inc.), а позывные своего основного развлекательного канала — на WTBS.

1980-е

1 июня 1980 года в 17:00 по восточному поясному времени была запущена сеть кабельных новостей (CNN), став первым круглосуточным кабельным новостным каналом . Команда мужа и жены Дэйва Уокера и Лоис Харт вела первый выпуск новостей. Берт Рейнхардт , тогдашний исполнительный вице-президент CNN, нанял большую часть первых 200 сотрудников канала и 25 сотрудников, включая Бернарда Шоу , первого ведущего новостей сети .

В 1981 году Turner Broadcasting System приобрела Brut Productions у Faberge Inc.

В 1984 году Тернер инициирована Cable Music Channel , его конкурс на WASEC «s MTV . Канал просуществовал недолго, но помог повлиять на оригинальный формат VH1 .

В 1986 году, после неудачной попытки приобрести CBS , Тернер приобрел киностудию MGM / UA Entertainment Co. у Кирка Керкоряна за 1,5 миллиарда долларов. После приобретения у Тернера был огромный долг, и он продал часть приобретенного имущества. MGM / UA Entertainment вернули Кирку Керкоряну. Участок студии MGM / UA в Калвер-Сити был продан компании Lorimar-Telepictures . Тернер хранил библиотеку фильмов и телепрограмм MGM до мая 1986 года, а также библиотеку Associated Artists Productions (библиотека фильмов Warner Bros. до 1950 года и мультфильмы о Popeye Studios / Famous Studios, первоначально выпущенные Paramount Pictures ), а также США / Канаду. права на распространение библиотеки RKO Pictures . Turner Entertainment Co. была основана 4 августа 1986 года.

Turner Program Services («TPS»), дочерняя компания под эгидой Turner, приступила к синдицированию на внутреннем рынке всех объектов собственности, приобретенных в результате окончательного отчуждения по сделке MGM с Киркоряном. Компания TPS унаследовала более 5000 заказов на программы (выполненных, писем о намерениях) на подготовку внутреннего соглашения о синдикации и отправку фильмов по «формальной» контрактной лицензии для показа на внутренних бесплатных эфирных телевизионных станциях по всей территории США. log »была догнала к концу 1989 года, продолжая при этом удовлетворять новые и текущие повседневные потребности всех отечественных телеканалов.

В 1989 году Управляющая компания TBS под руководством Чарльза Шульца (первый контролер компании Теда на первоначальной небольшой телевизионной станции) сосредоточила внимание на двух дочерних компаниях, занимающихся правами на музыкальное исполнение; один с Broadcast Music, Inc («BMI») и ASCAP. За период с 1989 по 1994 год Тернер превратился из двух дочерних музыкальных издательств в шестнадцать.

3 октября 1988 года компания запустила Turner Network Television (TNT).

1990-е годы

Тернер расширил свое присутствие в производстве и распространении фильмов, сначала с покупкой в ​​1991 году анимационной студии Hanna-Barbera во время конкурентного торга с MCA / Universal , Hallmark Cards и рядом других корпораций. 22 декабря 1993 года Тернер приобрел Castle Rock Entertainment . Через месяц Тернер купил New Line Cinema .

Тернер запустил Cartoon Network 1 октября 1992 года, а 14 апреля 1994 года — Turner Classic Movies (TCM).

10 октября 1996 года Тернер объединился с Time Warner , компанией, образованной в 1990 году в результате слияния Time Inc. и Warner Communications, и в прошлом владел 20% Turner Broadcasting. Благодаря этому слиянию Warner Bros. вернула себе права на библиотеку до 1950 года, а Тернер получил доступ к библиотеке компании, созданной после 1950 года, и другим объектам.

2000-е

В 2003 году на посту председателя сменил Джейми Келлнер Филип Кент . Операционные обязанности WB были переданы Time Warner от Warner Bros. к Turner Broadcasting в 2001 году, когда Келлнер был председателем, но были возвращены Warner Bros. в 2003 году с уходом Келлнера.

23 февраля 2006 года компания согласилась продать региональный развлекательный канал Turner South компании Fox Entertainment Group . Fox взял на себя управление каналом 1 мая, а 13 октября перезапустил его как SportSouth — по совпадению, прежнее название Fox Sports South, когда Тернер владел этим каналом в партнерстве с Liberty Media в период с 1990 по 1996 год.

В мае 2006 года Time Warner, владевшая 50% Court TV с 1998 года, выкупила оставшиеся 50% у Liberty Media и начала управлять каналом как часть Turner Broadcasting. Канал был перезапущен под названием TruTV 1 января 2008 года.

Также в мае 2006 года Тед Тернер присутствовал на своем последнем собрании в качестве члена совета директоров Time Warner и официально расстался с компанией.

5 октября 2007 года Turner Broadcasting System завершила сделку по приобретению Claxson Interactive Pay Television Networks в Латинской Америке.

2010-е и 2020-е годы

26 августа 2010 года Turner Broadcasting взяла под полный контроль Chilevisión, телеканал, принадлежащий президенту Чили Себастьяну Пиньере .

8 сентября 2011 года Turner Broadcasting System приобрела LazyTown Entertainment , производителя сериала LazyTown .

1 января 2014 года Джон К. Мартин сменил Фила Кента на посту председателя и генерального директора Turner Broadcasting.

В августе 2014 года издание The Wrap сообщило, что Тернер готовится предложить выкуп 550 сотрудникам в рамках планов реструктуризации компании в 2015 году. В качестве фактора упоминались рейтинги CNN и HLN, а CBSSports.com сообщил, что Рост платы за права, которую Тернер платит за свои трансляции НБА на TNT , также мог быть фактором. В октябре 2014 года также сообщалось, что компания планировала сократить штат на 10% (1475 человек) за счет увольнений в широком наборе подразделений, включая корпоративные должности.

14 августа 2015 года было объявлено , что Turner Broadcasting приобрела контрольный пакет акций в iStreamPlanet , Лас — Вегас на основе потокового видео услуг компании, в целях укрепления своих более-топ программирования и переложить ее ядро технологической инфраструктуры в облако. iStreamPlanet является прямым конкурентом Major League Baseball Advanced Media . Сообщается, что сумма сделки составит около 200 миллионов долларов. В октябре 2015 года Тернер запустил сеть потокового видео под названием Great Big Story .

В апреле 2017 года, чтобы ускорить продажу Time Warner компании AT&T за счет отказа от собственности, имеющей лицензию FCC, WPCH-TV был продан корпорации Meredith Corporation , которая с 2011 года уже управляла WPCH в соответствии с местным маркетинговым соглашением с 2011 года в качестве сестры местной компании. Филиал CBS WGCL-TV . Turner Podcast Network была сформирована в рамках подразделения по распространению контента Turner в июне 2017 года, при этом Тайлер Муди был назначен генеральным менеджером и вице-президентом подразделения.

22 марта 2018 года Six Flags и Riverside Group объявили о партнерстве с Turner Asia Pacific, чтобы принести аттракционы на основе Tuzki и других IP-адресов, принадлежащих Turner, в свои тематические парки в Китае.

15 июня 2018 года было объявлено, что Джон Мартин покинет пост генерального директора после завершения приобретения компанией AT&T Time Warner. К сентябрю AT&T передала Тернеру свой канал аудитории , группу региональных спортивных сетей плюс доли в Game Show Network и MLB Network из AT&T Communications .

В декабре 2018 года Turner Broadcasting продала права на бренд и свою исходную программную библиотеку до 2008 года несуществующей кабельной сети Court TV (которая была перезапущена как truTV в 2008 году) компании Katz Broadcasting , с планами повторно запустить ее в качестве расширенной сети. -связь с воздушной цифровой сетью в мае 2019 года.

4 марта 2019 года AT&T объявила о крупной реорганизации своих вещательных активов с целью фактического роспуска Turner Broadcasting System. Его активы будут распределены по нескольким подразделениям WarnerMedia, включая недавно созданные WarnerMedia Entertainment и WarnerMedia News & Sports. WarnerMedia Entertainment будет состоять из HBO , TBS, TNT, TruTV и будущей видеосервиса прямого обращения к потребителю (во главе с бывшим руководителем отдела развлечений NBC Робертом Гринблаттом ), в то время как WarnerMedia News & Sports будет состоять из CNN, Turner Sports и AT&T. Региональные сети SportsNet (которыми будет руководить президент CNN Worldwide Джефф Цукер ). Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang и Turner Classic Movies будут переведены в Warner Bros. Entertainment через новое бизнес-подразделение Global Kids & Young Adults. Хотя AT&T не указала график изменений, WarnerMedia уже начала удалять упоминания Turner Broadcasting в корпоративных коммуникациях, а в пресс-релизах ее сети назывались «подразделениями WarnerMedia».

10 августа 2020 года WarnerMedia реструктурировала несколько своих подразделений в рамках крупной корпоративной модернизации, в результате которой TBS, TNT и TruTV были возвращены под тем же зонтом, что и Cartoon Network / Adult Swim, Boomerang и TCM, в рамках консолидации WarnerMedia Entertainment и Соответствующие активы Warner Bros. Entertainment, которые сформировали объединенное подразделение WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group. Кейси Блойс, который работает в WarnerMedia с 2004 года (в качестве директора по развитию в HBO Independent Productions) и в конце концов стал президентом по программированию в HBO и Cinemax в мае 2016 года, добавил в свою компетенцию надзор за основными кабельными сетями WarnerMedia и HBO Max. .

Характеристики

США внутренние

  • Turner Entertainment Networks
    • TBS
    • TNT
    • TruTV
    • Студия WarnerMedia

Международный

Латинская Америка

. Каналы в Латинской Америке контролируются WarnerMedia Latin America со штаб-квартирой в Атланте. Он транслирует латиноамериканские версии американских каналов, а также каналы, эксклюзивные для этого региона. WM LA также занимается продажей рекламы для Warner TV (принадлежит другому подразделению WarnerMedia — Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. ) и бразильскому спортивному каналу Woohoo.

Новости и информация

  • CNN на испанском

    • CNN en Español Панрегиональный
    • CNN на испанском языке, Мексика
  • CNN Чили
  • CNN IBN , совместное предприятие Turner, TV18 и Global Broadcast News, которое транслируется только в Индии.
  • CNN Indonesia (в совместном владении с Trans Media )
  • CNN International

    • Канал SD
      ( Латинская Америка , Азия , Европа , Африка )
    • Канал HD
      ( Азия , Ближний Восток и Северная Африка )
  • CNN International Южная Азия
  • CNN-News18
  • CNN Philippines (в совместном владении с Nine Media Corporation и Radio Philippines Network через лицензионное соглашение по бренду)
  • CNN Türk (в совместном владении с Doan Media Group )
  • CNN HD (США)
  • HLN International

    • Канал SD
      ( Азия , Ближний Восток и Северная Африка )

Дети и подростки

  • Бумеранг Австралии и Новой Зеландии
  • Бумеранг ЦВЕ
  • Бумеранг Франция ( HD и SD )
  • Бумеранг Италия
  • Бумеранг Латинская Америка ( HD и SD )
  • Бумеранг MENA
  • Бумеранг Нордик
  • Boomerang Юго-Восточная Азия (вариант Multiaudio)
  • Бумеранг Турция
  • Boomerang UK и Ирландия ( HD и SD )
  • Boomerang UK , различные каналы Boomerang по Европе
  • Боинг (Африка)
  • Боинг (Франция)
  • Boing (Италия) (Mediaset 51% и Turner 49%)
  • Boing (Испания) (Mediaset 50% и Turner 50%)
  • Cartoon Network арабский +2
  • Cartoon Network Австралия
  • Cartoon Network Canada
  • Cartoon Network (Центральная и Восточная Европа)
  • Cartoon Network Deutschland
  • Cartoon Network France ( HD и SD )
  • Cartoon Network Индия

    • Cartoon Network India ( HD и SD )
    • Cartoon Network хинди
  • Cartoonito (Италия)
  • Cartoon Network Italia
  • Cartoon Network Япония
  • Cartoon Network Корея
  • Cartoon Network Латинская Америка ( HD и SD )

    • Cartoon Network Колумбия
    • Cartoon Network Panregional (Южная и Центральная Америка)
    • Cartoon Network Аргентина
    • Cartoon Network Мексика
    • Cartoon Network Бразилия
  • Cartoon Network MENA
  • Cartoon Network Нидерланды
  • Cartoon Network Nordic
  • Cartoon Network Пакистан
  • Cartoon Network Филиппины
  • Cartoon Network Poland ( HD и SD )
  • Cartoon Network Россия и Юго-Восточная Европа
  • Cartoon Network Юго-Восточная Азия
  • Cartoon Network Тайвань
  • Cartoon Network Турция
  • Cartoon Network UK и Ирландия ( HD и SD )
  • Cartoon Network +1
  • Cartoonito (Ближний Восток и Африка)
  • Cartoonito (Великобритания и Ирландия)
  • Пого (Индия)
  • Tooncast (Латинская Америка)

    • Tooncast Панрегиональный
    • Tooncast Brasil
  • Канал Тоонами (Франция)

образ жизни

  • Glitz * (Латинская Америка)
  • TruTV Latin America (также в высоком разрешении)

    • TruTV Панрегиональный
    • TruTV Brasil
  • TruTV
  • Канал ТАБИ (Япония)
  • Таби Теле (Япония)
  • MONDO TV (Япония)
  • Mondo Mah-jong TV (Япония)

Музыка

  • HTV (Латинская Америка)
  • MuchMusic (Латинская Америка)
  • Представьте себе шоу-бизнес (Индия)

Фильмы и развлечения

  • CETV (36%, совместное предприятие с TOM Group )
  • I-SAT (Латинская Америка)

    • I-SAT Панрегиональный
    • I-SAT Аргентина
    • I-SAT Brasil
  • Фильмы Люмьера  : 92%
  • QTV (50%, совместное предприятие с IS Plus, дочерней компанией JoongAng Ilbo ) ( Южная Корея )
  • TNT (также в высоком разрешении)

    • TNT Африка
    • TNT Argentina (Аргентина, Уругвай и Парагвай)
    • TNT Бразилия
    • TNT Chile (Чили, Боливия, Венесуэла, Перу, Эквадор)
    • TNT Колумбия
    • TNT Мексика
    • TNT Nordic
    • TNT Panama (Центральная Америка и Карибский бассейн)
    • TNT Polska
    • TNT România
    • TNT Испания
  • Серия TNT (Латинская Америка, HD и SD )
  • TNT Comedy (Германия, ранее Glitz * и TNT Comedy)
  • TNT Film (Германия)
  • TNT Serie (Германия)
  • Космос (Латинская Америка, также в высоком разрешении)

    • Космос Панрегиональный
    • Космическая Аргентина
    • Space Brasil
  • Звезда , программы новостей шоу-бизнеса через Turner NonStop Television в скандинавских странах.
  • TCM

    • TCM Africa
    • TCM Cinema (Франция) ( HD и SD )
    • TCM (Латинская Америка)

      • TCM Аргентина
      • TCM Brazil
      • TCM Панрегиональный
    • TCM Ближний Восток
    • TCM Испания ( HD и SD )
    • TCM UK ( HD и SD )
  • TBS (Латинская Америка)

    • TBS Панрегиональный
    • TBS Аргентина
    • TBS Brazil
  • Warner TV

    • Warner TV Latin America (Также в высоком разрешении)

      • Warner Argentina (Аргентина, Уругвай и Парагвай)
      • Уорнер Бразилия
      • Уорнер Чили
      • Уорнер Колумбия
      • Warner Mexico
      • Warner Pan America (Южная и Центральная Америка)
    • Warner TV Юго-Восточная Азия ( HD и SD )
  • Zee Turner Limited (совместное предприятие с Zee Entertainment Enterprises )

Спортивный

  • TNT Sports (Аргентина)
  • TNT Sports (Чили)

китайский язык

  • Китайский канал Феникс
  • Phoenix InfoNews Channel
  • Феникс, Северная Америка, китайский канал
  • Китайский новостной и развлекательный канал Phoenix
  • Феникс Гонконгский канал
  • О! К

Бывшие активы

Примечание: (*) — Сейчас принадлежит или поглощается дочерней компанией Warner Bros.

  • Cable Music Channel — несуществующий телеканал.
  • Castle Rock Entertainment — кинокомпания *
  • Chilevisión — чилийский бесплатный телеканал, проданный ViacomCBS.
  • CNN + , совместное предприятие Turner (50%) и Sogecable , которое транслируется только в Испании, закрылось в конце 2010 года.
  • CNNfn — несуществующий телеканал
  • CNNSI — несуществующий телеканал
  • Cartoon Network, Inc. *
    • Cartoon Network *

      • Студия Cartoon Network *
      • Cartoon Network Productions *
      • Cartoon Network Studios Europe *
    • Плавание для взрослых *

      • Игры Плавание для взрослых *
      • Уильямс-стрит *

        • Уильямс Стрит Рекордс *
        • Уильямс-стрит-Вест *
    • Бумеранг *
  • FilmStruck — несуществующий сервис потоковой передачи фильмов
  • Сеть игровых шоу (42%)
  • GameTap — продан Metaboli в 2008 году, позже закрыт в 2010 году.
  • Hanna-Barbera Cartoons — Анимационная студия *
  • HBO Южная Азия
  • Хулу (10%)
  • Студия Т — несуществующая продюсерская компания.
  • Showtime Scandinavia через Turner NonStop Television в скандинавских странах.
  • Серебряный (телеканал) , независимые и международные фильмы, через Turner NonStop Television в скандинавских странах.
  • SportSouth — региональная спортивная сеть (теперь принадлежит Diamond Sports Group как Fox Sports South)
  • Super Deluxe — несуществующая развлекательная компания
  • New Line Cinema — кинокомпания *
  • Канал Тоонами (Азия)
  • Toonami Индия
  • TCM Юго-Восточная Азия
  • Классические фильмы Тернера *

    • Журнал Now Playing *
  • Turner Entertainment Co. — холдинговая компания *

    • Turner Pictures — несуществующая собственная продюсерская компания *
    • Turner Pictures Worldwide Distribution — международное подразделение продаж *
    • Turner Feature Animation — несуществующий блок анимации *
    • Turner Home Entertainment — несуществующий дистрибьютор домашнего видео (слился с Warner Home Video )
    • Turner Program Services — бывшее подразделение синдикации — (слилось с Telepictures Productions Warner Bros. )
  • Тернер Саут — региональный телеканал (теперь принадлежит Fox Sports Networks как Fox Sports Southeast )
  • The WB — несуществующая вещательная телевизионная сеть * (с Tribune Broadcasting , 2001-2003 гг.)
  • ВБ Индия
  • Woohoo (Бразилия)
  • Universal Wrestling Corporation — продвижение профессиональной борьбы, ранее известное как World Championship Wrestling. В настоящее время это не действующая компания, отдельные активы теперь принадлежат WWE через WCW, Inc.
  • WPCH-TV — станция наземного вещания в Атланте и бывшая суперстанция (теперь принадлежит Meredith Corporation )

использованная литература

внешние ссылки

  • Система вещания Тернера (архив)
  • Система вещания Тернера в Твиттере Отредактируйте это в Викиданных
Источник

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Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.

Turner Broadcasting System 2015.svg
Atlanta-cnn-center-aerial.jpg
One of Turner’s several locations in Atlanta is CNN Center

Type

 Subsidiary
Industry
  • Entertainment
  • Cable television
  • Mass media
  • Interactive media
Founded May 1965; 57 years ago
Founder Ted Turner
Headquarters Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.

Key people
  • Coleman Breland
    (President, Turner Network Sales)
  • David Levy
    (Company President)
  • Chris Linn
    (President, truTV)
  • Christina Miller
    (President, Cartoon Network/Adult Swim/Boomerang)
  • Kevin Reilly
    (President, TNT/TBS; CCO, Turner Entertainment Networks)
  • Gerhard Zeiler
    (President, Turner International)[1]
  • Jeff Zucker
    (President, CNN Worldwide)
Brands
  • CNN
  • CNN International
  • HLN
  • TBS
  • TNT
  • TruTV
  • Turner Classic Movies
  • Cartoon Network
  • Pogo TV
  • Adult Swim
  • Boomerang
  • CNN Airport
  • AT&T SportsNet
  • Audience
Parent WarnerMedia
Divisions Turner Sports
Subsidiaries
  • WarnerMedia International Networks & Distribution
  • Cartoon Network Studios
  • Studio T
  • Turner Private Networks
  • Williams Street
  • Beme
  • Cartoon Network Productions

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. is an American former television and media conglomerate, part of AT&T’s WarnerMedia. Founded by Ted Turner, and based in Atlanta, Georgia, it merged with Time Warner on October 10, 1996. Among its main properties were its namesake TBS, TNT, CNN, Turner Classic Movies, Cartoon Network and Adult Swim, and TruTV. It also licensed or had ownership interests in international versions of these properties. The headquarters of Turner’s properties are located in both the CNN Center in Downtown Atlanta, and the Turner Broadcasting campus off Techwood Drive in Midtown Atlanta, which also houses Turner Studios.

The company was known for several pioneering innovations in U.S. multichannel television, including its satellite uplink of local Atlanta independent station WTCG channel 17 as one of the first national «superstations«, and its establishment of CNN—the first 24-hour news channel.

On June 14, 2018, Time Warner was acquired by telecom firm AT&T and renamed WarnerMedia. On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of WarnerMedia that effectively dissolves Turner as a business unit, by dispersing some of its properties into two new divisions—WarnerMedia Entertainment (consisting of Turner’s entertainment cable channels and HBO, but excluding TCM) and WarnerMedia News & Sports (CNN, Turner Sports, and the AT&T SportsNet regional sports networks)- while transferring others to fellow WarnerMedia division Warner Bros. (Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, and TCM), and phasing out the Turner brand in relation to those networks.

History[]

File:Turner logo.svg

Former Turner Broadcasting System logo, used from 1979 until 2015

Early history[]

Turner Broadcasting System traces its roots to a billboard company in Savannah, Georgia purchased by Robert Edward Turner II in the late 1940s.[2] Turner grew the business, which later became known as Turner Advertising Company.[2] Robert Edward Turner’s son, Ted Turner, inherited the company when the elder Turner died in 1963.[2] After taking over the company, Ted Turner expanded the business into radio and television.[2]

Turner Broadcasting System as a formal entity was incorporated in Georgia in May 1965.[3]

1970s[]

In 1970, Ted Turner purchased WJRJ-Atlanta, Channel 17, a small, Ultra High Frequency (UHF) station, and renamed it WTCG, for parent company Turner Communications Group.[4][5] During December 1976, WTCG originated the «superstation» concept, transmitting via satellite to cable systems.[4]

On December 17, 1976 at 1:00 pm, WTCG Channel 17’s signal was beamed via satellite to its four cable systems in Grand Island, Nebraska; Newport News, Virginia; Troy, Alabama; and Newton, Kansas. All four cable systems started receiving the 1948 Dana Andrews — Cesar Romero film Deep Waters already in progress. The movie had started 30 minutes earlier. WTCG went from being a little television station to a major TV network that every one of the 24,000 households outside of the 675,000 in Atlanta was receiving coast-to-coast. WTCG became a so-called Superstation and created a precedent of today’s basic cable television.

HBO had gone to satellite transmissions to distribute its signal nationally in 1975, but that was a service that cable subscribers were made to pay extra to receive. Ted Turner’s innovation signaled the start of the basic cable revolution.

In 1979, the company changed its name to Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (TBS, Inc.) and the call letters of its main entertainment channel to WTBS.

1980s[]

On June 1, 1980, Cable News Network (CNN) was launched at 5:00pm EDT becoming the first 24-hour news cable channel. The husband and wife team of Dave Walker and Lois Hart news anchored the first newscast, Burt Reinhardt the then executive vice president of CNN, hired most of the channel’s first 200 employees & 25-member staff including Bernard Shaw, the network’s first news anchor.

In 1981, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Brut Productions from Faberge Inc.[6]

In 1984, Turner initiated Cable Music Channel, his competition for WASEC‘s MTV. The channel was short-lived but helped influence the original format of VH1.

In 1986, after a failed attempt to acquire CBS, Turner purchased the film studio MGM/UA Entertainment Co. from Kirk Kerkorian for $1.5 billion. Following the acquisition, Turner had an enormous debt and sold parts of the acquisition. MGM/UA Entertainment was sold back to Kirk Kerkorian. The MGM/UA Studio lot in Culver City was sold to Lorimar/Telepictures. Turner kept MGM’s pre-May 1986 film and TV library as well as the Associated Artists Productions library (the pre-1950[7][8] Warner Bros. film library and the Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios Popeye cartoons originally released by Paramount Pictures), and the U.S./Canadian distribution rights to the RKO Pictures library. Turner Entertainment Co. was founded on August 4, 1986.

On October 3, 1988, the company launched Turner Network Television (TNT).[9]

1990s[]

Turner expanded its presence in movie production and distribution, first with the 1991 purchase of the Hanna-Barbera animation studio during a competitive bid with MCA/Universal Studios, Hallmark Cards, and several other corporations.[10] On December 22, 1993, Turner acquired Castle Rock Entertainment. Turner purchased New Line Cinema a month later.[11][12][13]

Turner launched Cartoon Network on October 1, 1992, followed by Turner Classic Movies (TCM) on April 14, 1994. On October 10, 1996, Turner merged with Time Warner, a company formed in 1990[14] by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications.[15] Through this merger, Warner Bros. had regained the rights to its pre-1950 library, while Turner gained access to the company’s post-1950 library and other properties.

2000s[]

In 2003, Philip I. Kent succeeded Jamie Kellner as chairman. Operational duties for The WB were transferred by Time Warner from Warner Bros. to Turner Broadcasting during 2001, while Kellner was chairman, but were returned to Warner Bros. in 2003 with the departure of Kellner.

On February 23, 2006, the company agreed to sell the regional entertainment channel Turner South to Fox Entertainment Group.[16] Fox assumed control of the channel on May 1, and on October 13 relaunched it as SportSouth — coincidentally, the former name of Fox Sports South when Turner owned this channel in partnership with Liberty Media between 1990 and 1996.[17]

In May 2006, Time Warner, which had owned 50% of Court TV since 1998, purchased the remaining 50% from Liberty Media and began running the channel as part of Turner Broadcasting. The channel was relaunched as TruTV on January 1, 2008.

Also in May 2006, Ted Turner attended his last meeting as a board member of Time Warner and officially parted with the company.[18]

On October 5, 2007, Turner Broadcasting System completed the acquisition of Claxson Interactive Pay Television Networks in Latin America.[19]Template:Reliable source

2010s[]

On August 26, 2010, Turner Broadcasting took full control of Chilevisión, a TV channel owned by the President of Chile Sebastián Piñera.[20]

On September 8, 2011, Turner Broadcasting System acquired LazyTown Entertainment, the producer of the TV series LazyTown.[21]

On January 1, 2014, John K. Martin succeeded Phil Kent as chairman and CEO of Turner Broadcasting.[22]

In August 2014, The Wrap reported that Turner was preparing to offer buy-outs to 550 employees as part of plans to restructure the company heading into 2015. The ratings performance of CNN and HLN were cited as a factor, while CBSSports.com reported that the rising rights fees Turner pays for its NBA broadcasts on TNT may have also been a factor.[23][24] It was further reported in October 2014 that the company planned to reduce its workforce by 10% (1,475 people) through layoffs across a wide set of units including corporate positions.[25]

On August 14, 2015, it was announced that Turner Broadcasting had acquired a majority stake in iStreamPlanet, a Las Vegas-based video streaming services company, in an effort to bolster its over-the-top programming and shift its core technology infrastructure to the cloud. iStreamPlanet is a direct competitor of Major League Baseball Advanced Media. The deal was reported to be in the neighborhood of $200 million.[26] In October 2015, Turner launched a streaming-video network named Great Big Story.[27]

In April 2017, in order to expedite the sale of Time Warner to AT&T by shedding FCC-licensed properties, WPCH-TV was sold to Meredith Corporation, which had already been operating WPCH under a local marketing agreement since 2011 as a sister to its local CBS affiliate WGCL-TV.[28] Turner Podcast Network was formed within Turner Content Distribution in June 2017 with Tyler Moody being named general manager and vice president of the unit.[29]

On March 22, 2018, Six Flags and Riverside Group announced a partnership with Turner Asia Pacific to bring attractions based on Tuzki and other Turner-owned IPs to its theme parks in China.[30]

On June 15, 2018, it was announced that John Martin would be leaving as CEO following AT&T’s completed acquisition of Time Warner.[31] By September, AT&T had transferred its Audience channel, a group of regional sports networks plus stakes in Game Show Network and MLB Network to Turner from AT&T Communications.[32]Template:Failed verification

In December 2018, Turner Broadcasting sold the rights to the brand and its pre-2008 original programming library of defunct cable network Court TV (which relaunched as truTV in 2008) to Katz Broadcasting, with plans to re-launch it as an over-the-air digital network in May 2019.[33][34]

On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of its broadcasting assets to effectively dissolve Turner Broadcasting System. Its assets are to be dispersed across multiple units of WarnerMedia, including the newly-created WarnerMedia Entertainment and WarnerMedia News & Sports. WarnerMedia Entertainment would consist of HBO, TBS, TNT, TruTV, and an upcoming direct-to-consumer video service (led by former NBC entertainment chief Robert Greenblatt), while WarnerMedia News & Sports would consist of CNN, Turner Sports, and the AT&T SportsNet regional networks (which would be led by CNN Worldwide president Jeff Zucker). Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang, and Turner Classic Movies would be moved under Warner Bros. Entertainment via the new «Global Kids & Young Adults» business unit.[35][36] Although AT&T did not specify any timetable for the changes, WarnerMedia had already begun to remove references to Turner Broadcasting in corporate communications, with press releases referring to its networks as being «divisions of WarnerMedia».[37]

Properties[]

Template:Cleanup list

U.S. domestic[]

  • Turner Entertainment Networks
    • TBS
    • TNT
    • TruTV
    • Turner Classic Movies
      • Now Playing magazine
    • Audience
    • Studio T
    • Turner Studios
  • CNN News Group
    • CNN
      • HLN
    • CNN Films
    • CNN en Español
  • The Cartoon Network Inc.
    • Cartoon Network
      • Cartoon Network Studios
      • Cartoon Network Productions
      • Cartoon Network Studios Europe
    • Adult Swim
      • Adult Swim Games
      • Williams Street
        • Williams Street Records
        • Williams Street West
    • Boomerang
  • Turner Sports
    • AT&T Sports Networks
      • AT&T SportsNet
    • Bleacher Report
    • NBA.com
    • PGA.com
    • NCAA.com/March Madness Live
    • NBA TV (Owned by the National Basketball Association, operated by Turner)
  • Other assets
    • iStreamPlanet

International[]

Latin America
The channels in Latin America are controlled by Turner Broadcasting System Latin America, headquartered in Atlanta. It broadcasts Latin American versions of U.S. channels, and also channels that are exclusive for the region. TBS LA also handles advertising sales for Warner TV (owned by fellow WarnerMedia division Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.) and for the Brazilian action sports channel Woohoo.

  • Chilevisión (Free-to-air, Chile)

News and Information

  • CNN en Español
    • CNN en Español Pan-regional
    • CNN en Español México
  • CNN Chile
  • CNN Indonesia (co-owned with Trans Media)
  • CNN International
    • Channel SD
      (Latin America, Asia, Europe, Africa)
    • Channel HD
      (Asia, Middle East and North Africa)
  • CNN Philippines (co-owned with Nine Media Corporation and Radio Philippines Network through a brand licensing agreement)
  • CNN Türk (co-owned with Doğan Media Group)
  • CNN HD (USA)
  • HLN International
    • Channel SD
      (Asia, Middle East and North Africa)

Indian

  • CNN-News18
  • CNN International South Asia
  • Cartoon Network (India)
  • Pogo TV
  • HBO India
  • WB India
  • Zee Turner Limited (Joint venture with Zee Entertainment Enterprises)

Kids and Teens

  • Boomerang Australia and New Zealand
  • Boomerang MENA
  • Boomerang Arabic
  • Boomerang CEE
  • Boomerang France (HD and SD)
  • Boomerang Italy
  • Boomerang Latin America (HD and SD)
  • Boomerang Nordic
  • Boomerang Southeast Asia (Multiaudio option)
  • Boomerang Turkey
  • Boomerang UK & Ireland (HD and SD)
  • Cartoon Network Latin America (HD and SD)
    • Cartoon Network Colombia
    • Cartoon Network Panregional (South and Central Americas)
    • Cartoon Network Argentina
    • Cartoon Network Mexico
    • Cartoon Network Brazil
  • Cartoon Network Poland (HD and SD)
  • Cartoon Network (Central and Eastern Europe)
  • Cartoon Network Nordic
  • Cartoon Network Italia
  • Cartoon Network Nederland
  • Cartoon Network Türkiye
  • Cartoon Network Pakistan
  • Cartoon Network France (HD and SD)
  • Cartoon Network Canada
  • Cartoon Network Australia
  • Cartoon Network India (HD and SD)
  • Cartoon Network Hindi
  • Cartoon Network UK & Ireland (HD and SD)
  • Cartoon Network +1
  • Cartoon Network Japan
  • Cartoon Network Taiwan
  • Cartoon Network Russia and Southeast Europe
  • Cartoon Network (Middle East & Africa)
  • Cartoon Network Arabic (HD and SD)
  • Cartoon Network Arabic +2
  • Cartoon Network Deutschland
  • Cartoon Network Korea
  • Cartoon Network Southeast Asia
  • Cartoon Network Philippines
  • Tooncast (Latin America)
    • Tooncast Pan-regional
    • Tooncast Brasil
  • Cartoonito (UK & Ireland)
  • Cartoonito (Middle East & Africa)
  • Toonami Channel (France)
  • Pogo (India)

Lifestyle

  • Glitz* (Latin America)
  • TruTV Latin America (Also in High Definition)
    • TruTV Pan-regional
    • TruTV Brasil
  • TruTV
  • TABI Channel (Japan)
  • Tabi Tele (Japan)
  • MONDO TV (Japan)
  • Mondo Mah-jong TV (Japan)

Music

  • HTV (Latin America)
  • MuchMusic (Latin America)
  • Imagine Showbiz (India)

Movies & Entertainment

  • TNT (Also in High Definition)
    • TNT México
    • TNT Brasil
    • TNT Argentina (Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay)
    • TNT Chile (Chile,Bolivia,Venezuela,Peru,Ecuador)
    • TNT Colombia
    • TNT Panama (Central America and Caribbean)
  • TNT Series (Latin America, HD and SD)
  • TNT Africa
  • TNT Polska
  • TNT România
  • TNT Spain
  • TNT Comedy (Germany, previously Glitz* and TNT Comedy)
  • TNT Serie (Germany)
  • TNT Film (Germany)
  • TNT Nordic
  • I-SAT (Latin America)
    • I-SAT Pan-regional
    • I-SAT Argentina
    • I-SAT Brasil
  • Space (Latin America, Also in High Definition)
    • Space Pan-regional
    • Space Argentina
    • Space Brasil
  • TCM (Latin America)
    • TCM Pan-regional
    • TCM Argentina
    • TCM Brazil
  • Turner Classic Movies UK (HD and SD)
  • Turner Classic Movies Middle East
  • Turner Classic Movies Africa
  • TCM Spain (HD and SD)
  • TCM Cinema (France) (HD and SD)
  • TBS (Latin America)
    • TBS Pan-regional
    • TBS Argentina
    • TBS Brazil
  • Warner TV South East Asia (HD and SD)
  • Warner TV India (HD and SD)
  • Warner TV Latin America (Also in High Definition)
    • Warner Mexico
    • Warner Brazil
    • Warner Argentina (Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay)
    • Warner Chile
    • Warner Pan America (South and Central America)
    • Warner Colombia

Sports

  • TNT Sports (Argentina)
  • CDF (Chile)

Chinese

  • Phoenix Chinese Channel
  • Phoenix InfoNews Channel
  • Phoenix North America Chinese Channel
  • Phoenix Chinese News and Entertainment Channel
  • Phoenix Hong Kong Channel
  • Oh!K

Other regions[]

Regional News

  • CNN IBN, a joint-venture between Turner, TV18 and Global Broadcast News that is only aired in India.
  • CNN Türk, owned by Doğan Medya Grubu that is only aired in Turkey.

Entertainment

  • CETV (36%, joint venture with TOM Group)
  • QTV (50%, joint venture with IS Plus, an affiliate of JoongAng Ilbo) (South Korea)
  • Showtime Scandinavia through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
  • Silver (TV channel), independent and international movies, through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
  • Star, showbiz news programming, through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.

Animation

  • Boomerang UK, various Boomerang channels around Europe
  • Boing (Italy) (Mediaset 51% and Turner 49%)
  • Boing (France)
  • Boing (Africa)
  • Boing (Spain)

Movies

  • Lumiere Movies : 92%

Former assets[]

Note: (*) — Now owned or absorbed by sister company, Warner Bros.

  • Cable Music Channel — A defunct television channel
  • Castle Rock Entertainment — A film production company*
  • CNN+, a joint-venture between Turner (50%) and Sogecable that is only aired in Spain, closed down in late 2010.
  • CNNfn — A defunct television channel
  • CNNSI — A defunct television channel
  • FilmStruck — A defunct film streaming service
  • Game Show Network (42%)
  • Hanna-Barbera Cartoons — An animation studio*
  • Hulu (10%)
  • SportSouth — A regional sports network (Now owned by Diamond Sports Group as Fox Sports South)
  • Super Deluxe — An defunct entertainment company
  • New Line Cinema — A film production company*
  • Toonami Channel (Asia)
  • Toonami India
  • TCM South East Asia
  • Turner Entertainment Co. — A film holding company*
    • Turner Pictures — An defunct in-house production company*
    • Turner Pictures Worldwide Distribution — An international distribution sales unit*
    • Turner Feature Animation — A defunct animation unit*
    • Turner Home Entertainment — A defunct home video distributor (Merged into Warner Home Video)
    • Turner Program Services — A former syndication arm − (Merged into Warner Bros’ Telepictures Productions)
  • Turner South — A regional television channel (Now owned by Fox Sports Networks as Fox Sports Southeast)
  • The WB — A defunct broadcast television network* (With Tribune Broadcasting, 2001-2003)
  • Woohoo (Brazil)
  • Universal Wrestling Corporation — A professional wrestling promotion formerly known as World Championship Wrestling. Currently a non-operational company, select assets are now owned by WWE through WCW, Inc.[38]
  • WPCH-TV — A terrestrial broadcasting station in Atlanta and a former superstation (now owned by Meredith Corporation)

References[]

  1. ↑ Stelter, Brian (15 June 2018). «Time Warner’s new name: WarnerMedia». https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/15/media/warnermedia-john-stankey-announcements/index.html. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Template:Cite book
  3. ↑ «Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.». Georgia Secretary of State. https://ecorp.sos.ga.gov/BusinessSearch/BusinessInformation?businessId=703015&businessType=Domestic%20Profit%20Corporation. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 «Ted Turner’s Former Superstation TBS Has Been Sold» (in en-US). http://adweek.it/2kQWYRP.
  5. ↑ Wu, Tim (2010-11-11). «Ted Turner, the Alexander the Great of Television» (in en). https://slate.com/technology/2010/11/ted-turner-the-alexander-the-great-of-television.html.
  6. ↑ «Faberge Sells Brut’s Assets», The New York Times, The New York Times Company (January 1, 1982). Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  7. ↑ You Must Remember This: The Warner Bros. Story, (2008) p. 255.
  8. ↑ «Media History Digital Library». //archive.org/details/mediahistory&tab=collection?and%5B%5D=subject%3A%22Motion%20pictures%20—%20Catalogues%22. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  9. ↑ Brennan, James E. (October 2, 1988). «NEW TNT CHANNEL BEGINS MONDAY ON CABLE SYSTEMS», The Buffalo News. Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  10. ↑ Lippman, John (October 30, 1991). «Turner Is Buying Hanna-Barbera Film Library», Los Angeles Times, Times Mirror Company. Retrieved on September 8, 2010.
  11. ↑ Harris, Kathryn (August 7, 1993). «New Line Cinema holding merger talks with Turner».
  12. ↑ Citron, Alan (August 18, 1993). «Turner gets nod to buy New Line and Castle Rock».
  13. ↑ «Turner Broadcasting Company Report». U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C.. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/100240/0000950144-94-000832.txt.
  14. ↑ «FAQs — Time Warner — Investor Relations — Time Warner Inc.». http://ir.timewarner.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=70972&p=irol-faq.
  15. ↑ «Time-TBS merger closed — Oct. 10, 1996», CNN, CNNMoney, Time Warner (October 10, 1996). Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  16. ↑ Becker, Anne. «Time Warner Sells Turner South to Fox», Broadcasting & Cable, Reed Business Information. Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  17. ↑ Grossman, Ben. «Turner South To Become SportSouth», Broadcasting & Cable, Reed Business Information. Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  18. ↑ «Ted Turner Bids Farewell to Time Warner», AP, Washington Post (19 May 2006). Retrieved on 13 February 2018.
  19. ↑ «Claxson Interactive Group Inc (XSONF.PK)», Reuters. Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  20. ↑ «Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. to Acquire Chilevisión», Time Warner (August 25, 2010). Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  21. ↑ Turner, Mimi (September 8, 2011). «‘Lazytown’ Founder Sells To Turner Broadcasting For $25 Million», The Hollywood Reporter, Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  22. ↑ «Turner». https://pressroom.turner.com/us/john-martin#.VS_o_5TF9Ug. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  23. ↑ «550 Buyouts, Layoffs Imminent at Turner; HLN, CNN Among Cuts (Exclusive)». The Wrap News Inc.. August 19, 2014. http://www.thewrap.com/turner-plans-organizational-restructuring-in-next-two-months/. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  24. ↑ «Report: Turner to fire 550 people in advance of rising NBA rights deal», CBSSports.com, CBS Interactive (August 26, 2014). Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  25. ↑ Friedman, Wayne (October 6, 2014). «Turner Broadcasting To Cut 10% Of Workforce», MediaDailyNews (New York), MediaPost Communications.
  26. ↑ Ramachandran, Shalini (August 14, 2015). «Time Warner’s Turner Cable Unit Acquires Majority Stake In iStreamPlanet». The Wall Street Journal. News Corp. https://blogs.wsj.com/cmo/2015/08/14/time-warners-turner-cable-unit-acquires-majority-stake-in-istreamplanet/. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  27. ↑ «CNN, Turner Launch Great Big Story Streaming-Video Network». Penske Media Corporation. October 20, 2015. http://deadline.com/2015/10/cnn-turner-launch-great-big-story-streaming-video-network-1201588676/. Retrieved January 24, 2018.
  28. ↑ Shields, Todd (April 17, 2017). «Time Warner TV-Station Sale Approved, Easing AT&T Deal Path». Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2017-04-17/time-warner-tv-station-sale-is-approved-easing-way-to-at-t-deal. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
  29. ↑ «TV News Roundup: Zoe Saldana to Develop Adaptation of Israeli Unscripted Series ‘Mothers’» (in en), Variety (June 6, 2017). Retrieved on July 11, 2019.
  30. ↑ «Six Flags and Riverside Partner with Turner to Offer New Attractions» (in en). http://investors.sixflags.com/news-and-events/press-releases/2018/03-22-2018-110034822.
  31. ↑ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (2018-06-15). «Turner CEO John Martin To Depart, Time Warner To Become WarnerMedia» (in en-US), Deadline.
  32. ↑ «SEC-Show». https://otp.tools.investis.com/clients/us/atnt2/sec/sec-show.aspx?Type=html&FilingId=12972266&CIK=0000732717&Index=10000.
  33. ↑ Stephen Battaglio (December 10, 2018). «Court TV is coming back, thanks to E.W. Scripps decision». Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/business/hollywood/la-fi-ct-court-tv-revival-20181210-story.html. Retrieved December 10, 2018.
  34. ↑ Littleton, Cynthia; Littleton, Cynthia (2018-12-11). «Court TV Brand to Resurface as New Channel From Scripps Co.» (in en). https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/court-tv-brand-new-channel-scripps-1203086191/.
  35. ↑ «WarnerMedia reorganizes its leadership team after AT&T acquisition», CNBC (March 4, 2019). Retrieved on March 4, 2019.
  36. ↑ «AT&T to HBO, Turner: No More Fiefdoms», The Wall Street Journal (March 1, 2019). Retrieved on March 3, 2019.
  37. ↑ Schneider, Michael; Schneider, Michael (2019-03-12). «What the End of the Turner Brand Could Mean for Its Channels» (in en). https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/turner-brand-time-warner-tnt-tbs-trutv-1203160652/.
  38. ↑ «WCW: How It Died, and How WWE and Vince McMahon Made Sure It Never Rose Again». Turner Broadcasting System. http://bleacherreport.com/articles/632761-wcw-how-it-died-and-how-wwe-and-vince-mcmahon-made-sure-it-never-rose-again.

External links[]

  • Turner Broadcasting System on TwitterLua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field ‘wikibase’ (a nil value).Template:WikidataCheck

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Источник

This article is about the company. For the namesake channel that was owned by this company, see TBS (American TV channel).

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. was an American television and media conglomerate. Founded by Ted Turner and based in Atlanta, Georgia, it merged with Time Warner (later WarnerMedia) on October 10, 1996. As of April 2022, all of its assets are now owned by Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD). The headquarters of Turner’s properties are largely located at the CNN Center in Downtown Atlanta, and the Turner Broadcasting campus off Techwood Drive in Midtown Atlanta, which also houses Turner Studios. Some of their operations are housed within WBD’s corporate and global headquarters inside 30 Hudson Yards in Manhattan’s West Side district, and at 230 Park Avenue South in Midtown Manhattan, both in New York City, respectively.

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.

Turner Broadcasting System 2015.svg
Atlanta-cnn-center-aerial.jpg

One of Turner’s several locations in Atlanta is CNN Center
Formerly Turner Communications Group (1965–1979)
Type Subsidiary
Industry
  • Entertainment
  • Cable television
  • Mass media
  • Interactive media
Founded May 12, 1965; 57 years ago
Founder Ted Turner
Fate Assets dispersed to other WarnerMedia/Warner Bros. Discovery divisions
Successors
  • Warner Bros. Discovery Networks
  • Warner Bros. Discovery International
  • Warner Bros. Discovery Sports
  • CNN Global
Headquarters CNN Center,

Atlanta, Georgia

,

U.S.

Key people
  • Casey Bloys
    (President/Head of programming)
  • Gerhard Zeiler
    (President, Warner Bros. Discovery International)[1]
Brands
  • TBS
  • TNT
  • TruTV
Parent
  • Independent (1965–1996)
  • WarnerMedia (1996–2019)

Turner is known for several pioneering innovations in U.S. multichannel television, including its satellite uplink of local Atlanta independent station WTCG channel 17 as TBS—one of the first national «superstations», and its establishment of CNN—the first 24-hour news channel. It later launched a sister cable network, TNT, the children’s channel Cartoon Network, and the movie channel Turner Classic Movies (TCM). Turner South—a network devoted to regional sports and southern lifestyle programming—was launched by Turner in 1999, but was later sold to Fox Sports Networks in 2006 to form SportSouth. The same year, it acquired Liberty Media’s stake in their joint venture Court TV.

On June 14, 2018, Time Warner, including Turner Broadcasting System, was acquired by telecom firm AT&T and re-branded WarnerMedia. After the purchase, «Turner» was phased out as a corporate brand, and on March 4, 2019, its properties were dispersed into either WarnerMedia Entertainment (TBS, TNT, and TruTV), WarnerMedia News & Sports (CNN, Turner Sports, and AT&T SportsNet), or brought directly under Warner Bros. (Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, and Turner Classic Movies). On August 10, 2020, the WarnerMedia Entertainment and Warner Bros. Entertainment assets were merged to form WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group.[2][3]

As of 2020, AT&T reported the financial results for WarnerMedia’s ad-supported cable networks under the Turner business unit,[4] while also using the term «the TNets» to refer to the group of TBS, TNT, and TruTV in press releases.[5][6][7] On April 8, 2022, WarnerMedia merged with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery, and almost all of both companies’ ad-supported cable networks were brought under the unit Warner Bros. Discovery U.S. Networks.

HistoryEdit

Former Turner Broadcasting System logo, used until 2015. This logo was originally introduced in 1965; shown here is the 2006 version. It contains subtle differences from the 1965 version.

Early historyEdit

Turner Broadcasting System traces its roots to a billboard company in Savannah, Georgia, purchased by Robert Edward Turner II in the late 1940s.[8] Turner grew the business, which later became known as Turner Advertising Company.[8] Robert Edward Turner’s son, Ted Turner, inherited the company when the elder Turner died in 1963.[8] After taking over the company, Ted Turner expanded the business into radio and television.[8]

Turner Broadcasting System as a formal entity was incorporated in Georgia on May 12, 1965.[9]

1970sEdit

In 1970, Ted Turner purchased WJRJ-Atlanta, Channel 17, a small, Ultra High Frequency (UHF) station, and renamed it WTCG, for parent company Turner Communications Group.[10][11] During December 1976, WTCG originated the «superstation» concept, transmitting via satellite to cable systems.[10]

On December 17, 1976, at 1:00 pm, WTCG Channel 17’s signal was beamed via satellite to its four cable systems in Grand Island, Nebraska; Newport News, Virginia; Troy, Alabama; and Newton, Kansas. All four cable systems started receiving the 1948 Dana Andrews – Cesar Romero film Deep Waters already in progress. The movie had started 30 minutes earlier. WTCG went from being a little television station to a major TV network that every one of the 24,000 households outside of the 675,000 in Atlanta was receiving coast-to-coast. WTCG became a so-called Superstation and created a precedent of today’s basic cable television.

HBO had gone to satellite transmissions to distribute its signal nationally in 1975, but that was a service that cable subscribers were made to pay extra to receive. Ted Turner’s innovation signaled the start of the basic cable revolution.

In 1979, the company changed its name to Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (TBS, Inc.) and the call letters of its main entertainment channel to WTBS.

1980sEdit

On June 1, 1980, Cable News Network (CNN) was launched at 5:00 p.m. EDT becoming the first 24-hour news cable channel. The husband and wife team of Dave Walker and Lois Hart news anchored the first newscast. Burt Reinhardt, then executive vice president of CNN, hired most of the channel’s first 200 employees and 25-member staff including Bernard Shaw, the network’s first news anchor.

In 1981, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Brut Productions from Faberge Inc.[12]

Also in 1981, WTBS began its usage of «Turner Time» in June 1981, in which programming began at five minutes after the top and bottom of each hour, instead of the broadcasting norm of beginning at the top and bottom of the hour.

In 1984, Turner initiated Cable Music Channel, his competition for WASEC’s MTV. The channel was short-lived, but helped influence the original format of VH1.

In 1986, after a failed attempt to acquire CBS, Turner purchased the film studio MGM/UA Entertainment Co. from Kirk Kerkorian for $1.5 billion. Following the acquisition, Turner had an enormous debt and sold parts of the acquisition. MGM/UA Entertainment was sold back to Kirk Kerkorian. The MGM/UA Studio lot in Culver City was sold to Lorimar-Telepictures. Turner kept MGM’s pre-May 1986 film and TV library as well as the Associated Artists Productions library (the pre-1950[13][14] Warner Bros. film library and the Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios Popeye cartoons originally released by Paramount Pictures), and the U.S./Canadian distribution rights to the RKO Pictures library. Turner Entertainment Co. was founded on August 4, 1986.

Turner Program Services («TPS»), a subsidiary under the Turner umbrella, began domestic syndication of all of the properties acquired under the final disposition of the MGM deal with Kerkorian. TPS inherited over 5,000 program orders (executed, letters of intent) to have domestic syndication agreements prepared and sent in order to «formally» contractually license films for airing on domestic, free-over-the-air television stations throughout the U.S. The contractual «back-log» was caught up by the end of 1989, while still administering to all of a domestic TV station’s syndication needs. In 1987, top-rated television network NBC was considered bidding for a piece of the company in an effort to enter the cable business, but the deal was never materialized.[15]

In 1989, TBS Management Company, under the leadership of Charles Shultz (Ted’s first company controller at the original, small TV station), advanced the focus on the two music performing rights subsidiaries: one with Broadcast Music, Inc («BMI») and ASCAP. In the space of 1989 to 1994, Turner went from 2 subsidiary music publishing companies to no less than sixteen.

On October 3, 1988, the company launched Turner Network Television (TNT).[16]

1990sEdit

Turner expanded its presence in movie production and distribution, first with the 1991 purchase of the Hanna-Barbera animation studio during a competitive bid with MCA/Universal, Hallmark Cards, and several other corporations.[17] On December 22, 1993, Turner acquired Castle Rock Entertainment. Turner purchased New Line Cinema a month later.[18][19][20]

Turner launched Cartoon Network on October 1, 1992, followed by Turner Classic Movies (TCM) on April 14, 1994.

On October 10, 1996, Turner merged with Time Warner, a company formed in 1990[21] by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications,[22] and which had held 20% of Turner Broadcasting in the past.[23] Through this merger, Warner Bros. had regained the rights to its pre-1950 library, while Turner gained access to the company’s post-1950 library and other properties.

2000sEdit

In 2002, the Indian division of Turner started a joint venture with Zee Entertainment Enterprises known as Zee Turner for distribution.

In 2003, Philip I. Kent succeeded Jamie Kellner as chairman. Operational duties for The WB were transferred by Time Warner from Warner Bros. to Turner Broadcasting during 2001, while Kellner was chairman, but were returned to Warner Bros. in 2003 with the departure of Kellner.

On January 1, 2004, Turner launched Pogo TV in India as the sister channel to Cartoon Network India. The channel is exclusive to South Asia.

On February 23, 2006, the company agreed to sell the regional entertainment channel Turner South to Fox Entertainment Group.[24] Fox assumed control of the channel on May 1, and on October 13 relaunched it as SportSouth – coincidentally, the former name of Fox Sports South when Turner owned this channel in partnership with Liberty Media between 1990 and 1996.[25]

In May 2006, Time Warner, which had owned 50% of Court TV since 1998, purchased the remaining 50% from Liberty Media and began running the channel as part of Turner Broadcasting. The channel was relaunched as TruTV on January 1, 2008.

Also in May 2006, Ted Turner attended his last meeting as a board member of Time Warner and officially parted with the company.[26]

On October 5, 2007, Turner Broadcasting System completed the acquisition of Claxson Interactive Pay Television Networks in Latin America.[27][unreliable source?]

On March 2, 2009, Turner launched Real, the company’s first Hindi GEC, in India as a joint venture between it and Alva Brothers Entertainment, which it had partnered with before for content on Cartoon Network India and Pogo TV. The joint venture was known as Real Global Broadcasting. The channel was followed by WB India, which launched on March 15, 2009. The channel shut down in March of 2010 after lasting for a year due to low viewership.

On December 8, 2009, it was announced that Turner had bought a majority stake in NDTV Imagine Ltd. from NDTV, as the company’s own channel, Real was struggling. NDTV Imagine Ltd. was previously a joint venture between NDTV and NBCUniversal. Turner then went on to acquire 100% of NDTV Imagine Ltd. which included NDTV Imagine, NDTV Lumiere, Imagine Showbiz and NDTV Imagine Pictures. Turner dropped the NDTV branding from the channels. Turner sold Imagine Showbiz to Reliance Broadcast Network in 2011.

2010sEdit

On August 26, 2010, Turner Broadcasting took full control of Chilevisión, a television channel owned by the President of Chile Sebastián Piñera.[28]

On September 8, 2011, Turner Broadcasting System acquired LazyTown Entertainment, the producer of the TV series LazyTown.[29]

On January 1, 2014, John K. Martin succeeded Phil Kent as chairman and CEO of Turner Broadcasting.[30]

In August 2014, The Wrap reported that Turner was preparing to offer buy-outs to 550 employees as part of plans to restructure the company heading into 2015. The ratings performance of CNN and HLN were cited as a factor, while CBSSports.com reported that the rising rights fees Turner pays for its NBA broadcasts on TNT may have also been a factor.[31][32] It was further reported in October 2014 that the company planned to reduce its workforce by 10% (1,475 people) through layoffs across a wide set of units including corporate positions.[33]

On August 14, 2015, it was announced that Turner Broadcasting had acquired a majority stake in iStreamPlanet, a Las Vegas-based video streaming services company, in an effort to bolster its over-the-top programming and shift its core technology infrastructure to the cloud. iStreamPlanet is a direct competitor of Major League Baseball Advanced Media. The deal was reported to be in the neighborhood of $200 million.[34] In October 2015, Turner launched a streaming-video network named Great Big Story.[35]

In April 2017, in order to expedite the sale of Time Warner to AT&T by shedding FCC-licensed properties, WPCH-TV was sold to Meredith Corporation, which had already been operating WPCH under a local marketing agreement since 2011 as a sister to its local CBS affiliate WGCL-TV.[36] Turner Podcast Network was formed within Turner’s content distribution division in June 2017, with Tyler Moody being named general manager and vice president of the unit.[37]

On March 22, 2018, Six Flags and Riverside Group announced a partnership with Turner Asia Pacific to bring attractions based on Tuzki and other Turner-owned IPs to its theme parks in China.[38]

On June 15, 2018, it was announced that John Martin would be leaving as CEO following AT&T’s completed acquisition of Time Warner.[39] By September, AT&T had transferred its Audience channel, a group of regional sports networks plus stakes in Game Show Network and MLB Network to Turner from AT&T Communications.[40][failed verification]

In December 2018, Turner Broadcasting sold the rights to the brand and its pre-2008 original programming library of defunct cable network Court TV (which relaunched as truTV in 2008) to Katz Broadcasting, with plans to re-launch it as an over-the-air digital network in May 2019.[41][42]

On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of its broadcasting assets to effectively dissolve Turner Broadcasting System. Its assets are to be dispersed across multiple units of WarnerMedia, including the newly created WarnerMedia Entertainment and WarnerMedia News & Sports. WarnerMedia Entertainment would consist of HBO, TBS, TNT, TruTV, and an upcoming direct-to-consumer video service (led by former NBC entertainment chief Robert Greenblatt), while WarnerMedia News & Sports would consist of CNN, Turner Sports, and the AT&T SportsNet regional networks (which would be led by CNN Worldwide president Jeff Zucker). Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang, and Turner Classic Movies would be moved under Warner Bros. Entertainment via the new «Global Kids & Young Adults» business unit.[43][44] Although AT&T did not specify any timetable for the changes, WarnerMedia had already begun to remove references to Turner Broadcasting in corporate communications, with press releases referring to its networks as being «divisions of WarnerMedia».[45]

2020sEdit

On August 10, 2020, WarnerMedia restructured several of its units in a major corporate revamp that resulted in TBS, TNT and TruTV being brought back under the same umbrella as Cartoon Network/Adult Swim, Boomerang and TCM, under a consolidation of WarnerMedia Entertainment and Warner Bros. Entertainment’s respective assets that formed the combined WarnerMedia Studios & Networks Group unit. Casey Bloys—who has been with WarnerMedia since 2004 (as director of development at HBO Independent Productions), and was eventually elevated to President of Programming at HBO and Cinemax in May 2016—added oversight of WarnerMedia’s basic cable networks and HBO Max to his purview.[2][3][46]

On April 8, 2022, WarnerMedia was divested by AT&T and merged with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD). All linear networks owned by the company, besides CNN, Turner Sports, HBO, and Magnolia Network, are overseen by Kathleen Finch as head of Warner Bros. Discovery Networks U.S.,[47][48][49] which resulted in Brett Weitz being removed as general manager of TBS, TNT, and TruTV after 14 years with the networks.[50] The News and Sports division was also split up into separate CNN Global and Warner Bros. Discovery Sports divisions, with the latter also including Discovery’s sports properties such as Eurosport.[48][49]

AssetsEdit

  • TBS
  • TNT
  • TruTV

Former properties and assetsEdit

Transferred to Warner Bros.Edit

  • Castle Rock Entertainment — A film production company
  • Hanna-Barbera Cartoons — An animation studio (Folded into Warner Bros. Animation in 2001)
  • New Line Cinema — A film production company
  • Turner Entertainment Co. — A film holding company
    • Turner Pictures — A defunct in-house production company
    • Turner Pictures Worldwide Distribution — An international distribution sales unit
    • Turner Feature Animation — A defunct animation unit
    • Turner Home Entertainment — A defunct home video distributor (Merged into Warner Home Video)
    • Turner Program Services — A former syndication arm − (Merged into Warner Bros’ Telepictures Productions)
  • The WB — A defunct broadcast television network (with Tribune Broadcasting, 2001–2003; merged with UPN to form The CW in 2006)
  • Transferred to Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment
    • Adult Swim Games
    • Cartoon Network Games
  • Transferred to Warner Bros. Television Studios
    • Cartoon Network Studios
    • Cartoon Network Productions (In conjunction with The Cartoon Network, Inc.)
    • Williams Street
      • Williams Street Records
      • Williams Street West
  • Transferred to Warner Bros. Television Studios UK
    • Hanna-Barbera Studios Europe

Transferred to Warner Bros. Discovery NetworksEdit

Note: These assets were temporarily part of Turner Entertainment Networks & Warner Bros. under WarnerMedia Studios & Networks within the WarnerMedia era.

An (*) indicates the assets was once part of Warner Bros. Global Kids, Young Adults and Classics.

The Cartoon Network, Inc.Edit

  • Cartoon Network*
  • Adult Swim*
  • Boomerang*

Entertainment GroupEdit

  • TBS
  • TNT
  • TruTV
  • Turner Classic Movies*
    • Now Playing (magazine)

ShutteredEdit

  • Cable Music Channel — A defunct television channel
  • CNN+, a joint-venture between Turner (50%) and Sogecable that is only aired in Spain, closed down in late 2010.
  • CNNfn — A defunct television channel
  • CNN/SI — A defunct television channel
  • FilmStruck — A defunct film streaming service
  • HBO South Asia
  • Mondo Mah-jong TV (Japan)
  • Studio T — a defunct production company.
  • Super Deluxe — An defunct entertainment company
  • Tabi Tele (Japan)
  • TCM South East Asia
  • Toonami Channel (Asia)
  • Toonami India
  • WB India
  • Real (TV channel) (India)
  • Imagine TV (India)

DivestedEdit

  • Atlanta Hawks, Atlanta Thrashers and Philips Arena – sold in 2004 to Atlanta Spirit Group, Thrashers resold in 2011 to True North Sports and Entertainment and now known as the Winnipeg Jets. Hawks resold in 2015 to Tony Ressler
  • Chilevisión — A Chilean Free-to-air television channel, sold to Paramount Global
  • Game Show Network (42%)
  • GameTap — sold to Metaboli in 2008, later closed in 2010
  • Hulu (10%)
  • Showtime Scandinavia through NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
  • Silver, independent and international movies, through NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
  • SportSouth — A regional sports network (Now owned by Diamond Sports Group as Bally Sports South)
  • Turner South — A regional television channel (Now owned by Diamond Sports Group as Bally Sports Southeast)
  • Woohoo (Brazil)
  • Universal Wrestling Corporation — A professional wrestling promotion formerly known as World Championship Wrestling. Currently a non-operational company, select assets are now owned by WWE through WCW, Inc.[51]
  • WCNC-TV — A terrestrial broadcasting station in Charlotte (now owned by Tegna Inc.)
  • WPCH-TV — A terrestrial broadcasting station in Atlanta and a former superstation (now owned by Gray Television)

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  46. ^ Siegel, Tatiana (10 August 2020). «WarnerMedia Begins Massive Round of Layoffs». The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  47. ^ Andreeva, Nellie (9 April 2022). «Chip & Joanna Gaines’ Road From HGTV To HBO As ‘Fixer Upper’ Stars Switch Sides Post-WB/Discovery Merger». Deadline. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  48. ^ a b Maas, Jennifer (8 April 2022). «What Warner Bros. Discovery Looks Like on Day 1». Variety. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  49. ^ a b Hayes, Dade (9 April 2022). «Warner Bros Discovery Merger: Who’s In, Who’s Out In The Executive Ranks». Deadline. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  50. ^ Andreeva, Nellie (11 May 2022). «Brett Weitz Exits As General Manager Of TNT, TBS & truTV». Deadline. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
  51. ^ «WCW: How It Died, and How WWE and Vince McMahon Made Sure It Never Rose Again». Bleacher Report. Turner Broadcasting System. Archived from the original on 19 April 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2015.

External linksEdit

  • Turner Broadcasting System (Archive)
  • Turner Broadcasting System on Twitter  
Источник
TBS

TBS logo 2016.svg
Type Pay television network
Country United States
Broadcast area Worldwide
Headquarters Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
Programming
Language(s) English
Spanish (with SAP audio track)
Picture format 1080i (HDTV)
(downscaled to letterboxed 480i for the SDTV feed)
Ownership
Parent Warner Bros. Discovery Networks
Sister channels

List

    • Adult Swim
    • Cartoon Network
    • CNN
    • HBO
    • TNT
    • TruTV
    • Turner Classic Movies
History
Launched September 1, 1967; 55 years ago
(as Atlanta television station WJRJ-TV)
December 17, 1976; 46 years ago
(as a pay TV network)
October 1, 2007; 15 years ago
(relaunched as a basic cable network)
Former names
  • WJRJ-TV (1967–1970)
  • WTCG-TV (1970–1979)
  • SuperStation WTBS
    (1979–1987)
  • SuperStation TBS
    (1987–1989)
  • TBS SuperStation
    (1989–1991)
  • TBS
    (original use, 1991–1996)
  • TBS Superstation
    (1996–2004)
Links
Website international.tbs.com
Availability
Streaming media
Service(s) DirecTV Stream, Hulu + Live TV, Sling TV, YouTube TV

TBS (an abbreviation for Turner Broadcasting System) is an American pay television network owned by the Warner Bros. Discovery U.S. Networks division of Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD).[1] It carries a variety of programming, with a focus on comedy, along with some sports events, including Major League Baseball, Stanley Cup playoffs, NCAA men’s basketball tournament and the weekly professional wrestling show AEW Dynamite. As of September 2018, TBS was received by approximately 90.391 million households that subscribe to a pay television service throughout the United States.[2]

TBS was originally established on December 17, 1976, as the national feed of Turner’s Atlanta, Georgia, independent television station, WTCG. The decision to begin offering WTCG via satellite transmission to cable and satellite subscribers throughout the United States expanded the small station into the first nationally distributed «superstation.» With the assignment of WTBS as the broadcast station’s call letters in 1979, the national feed became known as SuperStation WTBS, and later SuperStation TBS, TBS Superstation, or simply TBS. The channel broadcast a variety of programming during this era, including films, syndicated series, and sports (including Atlanta Braves baseball, basketball games involving the Atlanta Hawks and other NBA teams, and professional wrestling including Georgia Championship Wrestling, Jim Crockett Promotions and later World Championship Wrestling).

WTBS maintained a nearly identical program schedule as the national feed, aside from FCC-mandated public affairs and educational programming that only aired on the local signal. By the early 2000s, TBS had begun to focus more intensively on comedic programming, including sitcoms and other series. On October 1, 2007, TBS was converted by Turner into a conventional basic cable network, at which time it began to be carried within the Atlanta market on area cable providers alongside its existing local carriage on satellite providers DirecTV and Dish Network. The former parent station in Atlanta was concurrently relaunched as WPCH-TV (branded as «Peachtree TV», which Turner sold to the Meredith Corporation in 2017, and later acquired by Gray Television in 2021) and reformatted as a traditional independent station with a separate schedule exclusively catering to the Atlanta market.

History[edit]

For additional details on the history of its former parent Atlanta television station, see WPCH-TV.

Early years[edit]

TBS originated as a terrestrial television station in Atlanta, Georgia that began operating on UHF channel 17 on September 1, 1967, under the WJRJ-TV call letters. That station—which its original parent originally filed to transmit UHF channel 46, before modifying it to assign channel 17 as its frequency in February 1966—was founded by Rice Broadcasting Inc. (owned by Atlanta entrepreneur Jack M. Rice, Jr., owner of locally based pay television firms Atlanta Telemeter Inc. and Home Theaters of Georgia Inc.). Rice built a massive new self-supporting transmission tower (later known as the Turner Broadcasting tower), which, at a height of 1,031 feet (314 m), was the tallest freestanding structure ever built in Atlanta and provided Channel 17 a stronger signal than other UHF stations, which was particularly beneficial as television sets of that era were often equipped with low-sensitivity tuners and substandard antennas.[3] Under Rice, WJRJ—the first independent station to begin operation in the Atlanta market since WQXI-TV (channel 36, allocation now occupied by MyNetworkTV affiliate WATL) ceased operations on May 31, 1955—operated on a shoestring budget, general entertainment format with a schedule consisting of a few off-network reruns (such as Father Knows Best, The Danny Thomas Show, The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet and The Rifleman) and older feature films as well as a 15-minute news program.[4][5][6]

In July 1969, Rice Broadcasting reached an agreement to merge with the Turner Communications Corporation—an Atlanta-based group owned by entrepreneur Robert E. «Ted» Turner III, who ran his late father’s billboard advertising business and had also expanded his interests to include radio stations in Chattanooga, Tennessee (WGOW), Charleston, South Carolina (WTMA-AM-FM, the FM station is now WSSX-FM), and Jacksonville, Florida (WMBR, now WQOP)—in an all-stock transaction. Under the sale terms, Rice would acquire Turner in an exchange of stock and adopt the Turner Communications name; however, Turner would acquire about 75% of the merged company and own 48.2% of its stock, receiving 1.2 million shares of Rice stock worth an estimated $3 million. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) granted approval of the acquisition on December 10, 1969, giving Turner its first television property.[7][8][9] Soon after Turner received approval of its purchase of WJRJ-TV in January 1970, Turner changed the station’s call letters to WTCG (which officially stood for Turner Communications Group, although the station used «Watch This Channel Grow» as a promotional slogan). The sale was formally completed four months later on April 6, 1970, at which time Turner was assigned as licensee of WJRJ-TV.[10][11][12]

The channel 17 transmitter was originally located at 1018 West Peachtree Street Northwest (it has since been relocated to the Atlanta suburb of North Druid Hills, Georgia), with the antenna located on the Turner Broadcasting tower. The building at this site was once home to the studios of CBS affiliate WAGA-TV (channel 5, now a Fox owned-and-operated station) and, later, channel 17, during its first three years as WJRJ-TV. By 1980, the station moved to new studio facilities a few blocks west at the former site of the Progressive Club, along with overflow offices on Williams Street, across Interstate 75/85, those facilities now house Adult Swim and Williams Street Productions. (It shared the ex-Progressive Club studios with CNN and Headline News until the latter two moved their operations into the CNN Center downtown in 1987). Early programming included movies from the 1930s and 1940s, sitcoms (such as Father Knows Best, Green Acres, Hazel, I Love Lucy, and The Lucy Show), and Japanese animated series (such as Astro Boy, Kimba the White Lion, Marine Boy, The Space Giants, Speed Racer, and Ultraman). The station also carried sports, such as Atlanta Braves baseball, Atlanta Hawks basketball, Atlanta Flames hockey, and Georgia Championship Wrestling.

WTCG also made very low bids to acquire the rights to syndicated programming and film packages, leaving the network-affiliated stations in the market—WAGA-TV, NBC affiliate WSB-TV (channel 2, now an ABC affiliate) and ABC affiliate WXIA-TV (channel 11, now an NBC affiliate)—to acquire the stronger shows. But, because of programming commitments that the affiliates had to their networks, those stations only kept the shows for a few years at a time and rarely renewed their contractual rights to continue airing them, after which WTCG bought the syndicated programs second-hand at much lower rates. By the mid-1970s, The Andy Griffith Show, The Flintstones, Leave It to Beaver, The Little Rascals, My Three Sons, Star Trek, The Three Stooges, and many others were added to the station’s schedule.

WTCG gets beamed via satellite[edit]

By the time Turner acquired WTCG, most U.S. cities below the top 20 media markets lacked independent stations running general entertainment programs, and largely only had access to television stations affiliated with ABC, NBC, and CBS, along with a non-commercial educational station. Cable providers in these areas carried network-affiliated commercial and non-commercial television stations from neighboring markets—usually to serve as default outlets where one or more networks were not available locally—and if possible, an independent station (often located anywhere between 60 and 200 miles [97 and 322 km] away). Still, many places were far enough out of the reach of an independent station’s signal that this was not an option. There were cable systems that carried three stations affiliated with each of the major commercial networks and three stations that were PBS member outlets (one station from within the home market and two stations from neighboring markets of each network).

WTCG started to reach far beyond the Atlanta television market in the early 1970s to serve such areas lacking an independent station, as many cable television systems in middle and southern Georgia and surrounding areas of the Southeastern United States—particularly Alabama, Tennessee and South Carolina—began picking up the UHF signal off-air and retransmitted the Atlanta studio/transmitter link feed to microwave relay towers (sometimes several times) back to their headends. (By June 1976, WTCG was carried by 95 cable systems in six Southeastern states, reaching an estimated 440,000 households).[13]

Turner began formulating plans to take WTCG national upon hearing of the groundbreaking innovation that premium cable service Home Box Office (HBO) (which would eventually become a sister property to channel 17 as a result of Time Warner’s 1996 acquisition of the Turner Broadcasting System) engaged in to retransmit its programming nationwide utilizing communications satellites beginning with its September 30, 1975, telecast of the «Thrilla in Manila» boxing match.[14][15] In December 1975, Ted Turner unveiled plans to distribute his station over communications satellite, enabling WTCG to extend distribution of its programming to cable and C-band satellite subscribers throughout the United States, especially in markets lacking even a distant independent station.[16] With a more cost-effective and expeditious distribution method in place than would be capable through setting up microwave and coaxial telephone relay systems across the entire country, Turner got his idea off the ground by founding Southern Satellite Systems (SSS)—a common carrier uplink provider based in Tulsa, Oklahoma—to serve as the station’s satellite redistributor, and subsequently purchased an earth-to-satellite transmitting station to be set up outside of WTCG’s Peachtree Street studios in Atlanta. In order to get around FCC rules in effect at the time that prohibited a common carrier from having involvement in program origination, Turner decided to sell SSS to former Western Union vice president of marketing Edward L. Taylor for $1 and sold the transmitting station to RCA American Communications. Upon the sale’s consummation in March 1976, Turner reached an agreement with Taylor to have the firm uplink the WTCG signal to the Satcom 1 satellite.[17][18][19]

Turner’s plans to turn WTCG into a national cable service were made possible through various FCC deregulatory actions on signal importation during the 1970s, among them was a cable rules package passed in March 1972 that allowed cable systems in the 100 largest markets the right to carry imported signals (including the addition of two distant signals not already available in the market), restricted cable systems in smaller markets to carrying only three network stations and one independent station (except for undefinable markets that would not be limited in the number of carried imported signals), and instituted leapfrogging rules that required systems importing distant independent stations from the top-25 markets to choose from one or both of the two markets closest to the provider’s city of license and any systems carrying the signal of a third independent being required to pick up a UHF or, if such a station is not available, VHF station located within a 200-mile (320 km) radius.[20] Further changes to signal importation regulations occurred with the August 1975 passage of a policy allowing unlimited importation of distant signals either following a local «must carry» station’s final daily sign-off or at 1:00 a.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time) and 12:00 a.m. (in all other time zones), and the December 1975 repeal of the agency’s 1972 «leapfrogging» rules (which restricted cable systems from selecting a distant signal from among stations in the top-25 media markets beyond those closest to the licensed system).[21][22] Furthermore, the Congressional passage of the Copyright Act of 1976 on October 1 of that year provided compulsory licenses to cable systems and «passive» satellite carriers, allowing them to retransmit any broadcast television station throughout the country, regardless of prior consent, without incurring copyright liability; this legislation also granted the U.S. Copyright Office the ability to charge cable systems royalty fees to be compensated to the owners of a copyrighted program.[23][24] The station would still be subjected to program duplication restrictions covered under the original 1972 incarnation of the Syndication Exclusivity Rules (or «SyndEx»), which—prior to its repeal in July 1980—allowed television stations to claim local exclusivity over syndicated programs and required cable systems to either black out or secure an agreement with the claimant station or a syndication distributor to continue carrying a claimed program through an out-of-market station.

At 1:00 p.m. Eastern Time on December 17, 1976, WTCG became America’s first «superstation»—independent stations distributed to cable providers throughout their respective regions, or the entire country—when its signal began to be beamed via the Satcom 1 satellite to four cable systems in the Midwestern and Southeastern United States: Multi-Vue TV in Grand Island, Nebraska, Hampton Roads Cablevision in Newport News, Virginia, Troy Cablevision in Troy, Alabama, and Newton Cable TV in Newton, Kansas. At that moment, approximately 24,000 additional households began receiving the WTCG signal.[25][26] The station’s first national broadcast was the 1948 Dana Andrews–Cesar Romero film Deep Waters, which had been in progress for 30 minutes on channel 17 in Atlanta.

With this move, WTCG would become one of the first television stations, and only the second U.S. broadcaster—after HBO—to be transmitted via satellite, instead of the then-standard method of using microwave relay to distribute a programming feed. Turner’s decision to turn his television station into a national programming service was an expensive gamble on his part, given that he spent about $6 million of the $14 million that the station made in annual gross revenue at the time on satellite transmission.[26] SSS initially charged prospective cable systems 10¢ per subscriber to transmit the WTCG signal as a 24-hour channel and 2¢ per subscriber to carry it as a part-time, overnight-only service (with the intent of acting as a timeshare feed on a cable channel otherwise occupied by a local or out-of-market broadcast station during their normal sign-off period).[25]

Instantly, WTCG went from being a small independent television station that regularly placed near the bottom of the ratings among Atlanta’s television stations well into the 1970s and was available only in Georgia and neighboring states to a major coast-to-coast operation, pioneering the distribution of broadcast television stations via satellite transmission to pay television subscribers nationwide. Ted Turner’s innovation set a precedent for today’s basic cable television and signaled the start of the revolution of basic cable programming in the United States. Soon after, an increasing number of cable television providers throughout the United States sought to carry WTCG on their systems. Within three years of WTCG achieving national status, the signals of fellow independent stations WOR-TV (now MyNetworkTV owned-and-operated station WWOR-TV) in New York City and WGN-TV in Chicago were also uplinked to satellite for distribution as national superstations; eventually, other independents such as KTVT (now a CBS owned-and-operated station) in Dallas, KTVU (now a Fox owned-and-operated station) in San Francisco and KTLA (now a CW affiliate) in Los Angeles were uplinked to satellite as well, primarily being carried on a regional basis.

The expansion of WTCG into a superstation would serve as the linchpin for what would later be renamed the Turner Broadcasting System to eventually launch or acquire other cable-originated channels in subsequent years, including the Cable News Network (CNN) (launched on June 1, 1980), HLN (launched as CNN2 on January 1, 1982, and later known as CNN Headline News from 1983 to 2007), Turner Network Television (TNT) (launched on October 3, 1988), Cartoon Network (launched on October 1, 1992), Turner Classic Movies (TCM) (launched on April 14, 1994), and TruTV (folded into Turner, as Court TV, following the closure of parent Time Warner’s acquisition of Liberty Media’s 50% interest in the channel in May 2006).[27][28][29][30][31][32]

Turner and station management treated WTCG as an «active» superstation, directly asserting national promotional responsibilities, investing in programming, and charging advertising rates at the national and local levels. This resulted in the station paying for syndicated programming at (albeit reasonably cheaper) rates comparable to other national networks, rather than merely receiving royalty payments from cable systems for programs to which it held the copyright as «passive» superstations—like WGN and WWOR, which opted to take a neutral position on their national distribution and left national promotional duties to the satellite carriers that retransmitted their signals—did. (Unlike WTCG, most other superstations had their signals redistributed without their owner’s express permission under a provision in Section 111 of the Copyright Act of 1976, which allowed local cable systems to «retransmit copyrighted programming from any over-the-air stations across the country to their subscribers under a compulsory license»).

WTCG initially was identified as «Channel 17» or «Super 17» both locally in Atlanta and on cable providers outside of that area; by 1979, the station identified primarily by its call letters locally and nationally. Over time, as WTCG was also beginning to gain traction in the Atlanta market, the station also began to gain traction nationally as more cable systems added the WTCG signal to their lineups; by 1978, WTCG was carried on cable providers in all 50 U.S. states, reaching over 2.3 million subscribers, a total that would substantially double each year into the next decade.[33] Because it utilized a broadcast television station as the origination point for its programming, throughout its existence as a superstation, all programs on WTCG/WTBS—which transmitted exactly the same schedule nationally as that seen on the local Atlanta broadcast feed—were broadcast on an Eastern Time schedule (with programs shown at earlier or, for those viewing in the Atlantic Time Zone in far eastern Canada and the Maritimes, later times depending on the location), resulting in programs being shown simultaneously in all six continental U.S. and all five Canadian time zones as they did in the Atlanta area on channel 17. (Promos for WTCG/WTBS programs referenced airtimes for both the Eastern and Central Time Zones until 1987, and the Eastern and Pacific time zones thereafter until 1992 and occasionally beforehand for certain scheduled live sports and event telecasts).

Initial change to WTBS[edit]

In May 1979, Turner made a $25,000 donation to a group associated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to fund the construction of a new transmitter, in exchange for acquiring the WTBS call letters that had been assigned to the university’s Cambridge-based student radio station for use on the channel 17 license; Turner also agreed to donate an additional $25,000 to the group if the FCC agreed to assign the WTBS calls to Turner Communications. (MIT subsequently changed the radio station’s calls to WMBR.) On August 27, 1979, the Atlanta parent station changed its call letters to WTBS (for «Turner Broadcasting System», the name its parent company adopted in accordance with the callsign change).[34][35][36][37]

Concurrently, Turner began branding the station as «SuperStation WTBS«—the prefix word was re-rendered in mixed case in October 1980, with both «S»s capitalized—with occasional references within the logo to the channel 17 frequency in Atlanta. (Accordingly, many cable providers throughout the country even carried it on channel 17 during some part of its existence as a superstation). However, the national feed continued to occasionally use the same on-air branding as the Atlanta area signal (which was referred to on-air at the time as «WTBS Channel 17») until October 1980. By 1981, the Atlanta station would be branded as «SuperStation 17», on the national feed available outside of the Atlanta area, though, references to the station’s over-the-air channel number were completely removed—outside of minor technical issues where local ads and promos aired erroneously on the national feed.

The on-air look of the station by this time was heavily reliant on then state-of-the-art Quantel Paintbox graphics, with slick animation created by a team of in-house graphic designers, led by creative services director John Christopher Burns. He and others would develop this look further in the years that followed, eventually forming the design firm Television by Design to provide services to other television stations around the country (including WXIA-TV, rival independent WGNX [channel 46, now CBS affiliate WANF] and PBS member station WPBA [channel 30, now WABE-TV] within the Atlanta market). Burns would leave TVbD, but continued to be employed by Turner Broadcasting for other projects, including the 1989 revamp of Headline News and the 1991 redesign of WTBS itself (handled by Burns’ brother James).[38][39][40] John Young, an Atlanta-area radio DJ at WZGC, became the voice of SuperStation WTBS during this time and would go on to provide promotional voiceover services for other local and national clients as a direct result of his work for the channel.[41] Other voiceovers were handled by Turner employees, most notably music director Bill «Troll» Tullis, who generally voiced station IDs and other miscellaneous work with a distinctive monotone; he would become the voice heard during Headline News’ half-hourly network IDs by the mid-1980s.

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, WTBS continued to acquire second-hand programming such as made-for-TV Popeye cartoons, The Brady Bunch, The Munsters, and other programs. The station acquired reruns of All in the Family and Sanford and Son in 1979, as well as Little House on the Prairie and CHiPs in 1981. Other older shows would eventually be removed from the schedule. WTCG also mixed more movie releases from the 1950s through the 1970s into its schedule. By July 1979, WTCG/WTBS was available to 1,000 cable systems throughout the United States, with a total of 4.8 million cable subscribers receiving the signal.[42] In 1981, Turner decided to split the WTBS satellite feed from its terrestrial signal; under this structure, all of the shows seen on WTBS continued to air nationally over its superstation feed (in a move that preceded fellow superstations WGN-TV and WWOR-TV doing the same thing, though only after the FCC’s re-implementation of the Syndication Exclusivity Rights rule in 1990). Although, separate national advertising or per inquiry ads replaced the local commercials intended for broadcast in the Atlanta area—which became exclusively carried by channel 17 locally—on the superstation feed.

Former TBS logo used from September 7, 1987, to September 5, 1994, the logo was accompanied by the «SuperStation» subtitle until that moniker was initially dropped from the channel on September 10, 1990.

The 1980s also saw WTBS begin to venture into original programming, in 1980, the station premiered Tush, a late night sketch comedy and variety series hosted and developed by comedian Bill Tush (who had hosted newsbriefs and, occasionally, movie presentations for WTBS, in addition to serving as a staff announcer), with Jan Hooks (who would later gain fame during her stint as a cast member on Saturday Night Live).[26] Starcade, a game show that ran from 1982 to 1983 (with a further run in syndication via Turner Program Services until 1984), where people competed to win their very own arcade cabinet by playing various games. Other programming efforts included The Catlins (a Dynasty-style prime time soap opera which ran for two seasons from 1983 to 1985, and was the only Procter & Gamble serial to be produced for cable television), and sitcoms Down to Earth, Rocky Road, and Safe at Home (all three of which were produced by The Arthur Company, and formed a block of first-run comedy series aimed at a family audience).[43][44][45][46] In addition, from 1986 through 1989, TBS also produced more than 70 original episodes of The New Leave It To Beaver, which it picked up after that series was canceled by The Disney Channel in 1985. (TBS’s addition of The New Leave It To Beaver to its lineup also coincided with the original Leave it to Beaver airing in reruns on the channel, as Ted Turner felt that the former would make a good programming fit with the latter.)[47]

On September 7, 1987, the «W» from the «WTBS» callsign was dropped from the superstation’s on-air branding—changing its name to SuperStation TBS—in order to emphasize the channel’s national programming prominence, with the WTBS Atlanta signal continuing to use the separate «SuperStation 17» branding; this coincided with a major promotional campaign centered around «Great American Television».[48] By 1987, SuperStation WTBS was available to 41.6 million households with a cable or satellite subscription nationwide; this total jumped to 49 million cable homes by the summer of 1988.

On May 18, 1988, the FCC reinstated syndication exclusivity restrictions through the passage of a new version of the Syndication Exclusivity Rights Rule. This version granted cable systems and satellite carrier firms the ability to secure an agreement to air a claimed syndicated program with the claimant local rightsholder or a syndication distributor, effectively allowing for superstations to acquire national cable rights for syndicated programs (either directly or through their satellite carrier).[49][50][51][52] In preparation for the new rules taking effect on January 1, 1990, Turner Broadcasting began to fill the WTBS schedule with additional programming—primarily, off-network syndicated comedy and drama series (such as The Jeffersons and Good Times) as well as acquired film packages (consisting of both theatrical features and made-for-television films) and original programs (such as Jacques Cousteau specials, and National Audubon Society and National Geographic programs)—for which it would hold exclusive cable rights in order to make the national feed «100% blackout-free.» Combined with the utilization of indemnification provisions designed to protect against monetary damages if a superstation has «a reasonable basis for concluding that[…] programing deletion is not required,» this ensured that the TBS national feed would be absolved from potential blackouts necessitated by any local syndication exclusivity claims and, therefore, prevent defections by cable affiliates that indicated it would remove any distant signals rather than shoulder the expense of blacking out or substituting non-compliant programs.[53]

On September 28, 1989, the channel’s name was changed to TBS SuperStation to reflect the strong national standing of the channel. Debuting concurrently with the name change was a promotional campaign utilizing the slogan «TBYes!», featuring various stars of programs seen on TBS—including, among others, Bob Denver and Alan Hale of Gilligan’s Island (as their respective characters Gilligan and Captain Jonas Grumby aka «The Skipper»), Al Lewis of The Munsters (as his character Grandpa), Buddy Ebsen of The Beverly Hillbillies (as his character J.D. «Jed» Clampett) and Jimmie Walker of Good Times (appearing as himself)—with graphical elements of fireworks and a large rotating glass pane, which could display the TBS logo, change to or from a slogan (depending on the promotional spot) to the logo, or be used to show the airtime of programs mentioned in a specific promotion or summarize the next three programs set to air. Title sequences for movies and special presentations—which were accompanied by music incorporating variants of the «TBYes» promotional theme’s signature—showed people in a main street setting flocking to a TBS-branded theater, which transitions to a panning shot stopping at a couch in the front row of the theater’s seating area where either a family or a couple (depending on the daypart presentation, as identified at the end of the sequence) sit down in time for the start of the film.

On September 10, 1990, the word «Superstation» was removed from the cable channel’s on-air branding and promotions, rebranding it as simply «TBS«, which had been used verbally in on-air promotions since the beginning of that year. By 1992, TBS was available in 58 million households with cable and satellite television service, accounting for more than half of all homes in the United States, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands—and carried by 14,815 cable systems throughout the country.[26]

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer/United Artists library[edit]

During the 1980s, WTBS focused heavily on movies—running two films during the day, and a largely movie-exclusive schedule during the nighttime hours after 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time (with exceptions made for scheduled sporting events, specials, original programs and, in the case of Sunday nights, off-network syndicated series and paid programming). At other times, mainly during the daytime hours each weekday and on weekend mornings, WTBS continued to run mostly classic sitcoms and vintage cartoons. In 1986, when Ted Turner purchased Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer/United Artists (which he would sell back to previous owner Kirk Kerkorian that October due to debt incurred by the Turner Broadcasting System from its purchase of the film studio),[54] WTBS gained the rights to the entire MGM/UA film library (including certain acquisitions by MGM). It gave WTBS the rights to air many theatrical cartoon shorts such as Tom & Jerry, as well as shows like Gilligan’s Island and CHiPs.

Along with Tom & Jerry, WTBS began to run The Little Rascals, Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies cartoons released prior to August 1948, theatrical Popeye cartoon shorts, and Three Stooges shorts under the banner The TBS Tom & Jerry Funhouse running for either one hour or 90 minutes during the morning hours and for an hour (later, half-hour) in the afternoon from 1986 to 1995. In the late 1980s, WTBS decreased the number of movies broadcast during the day slightly and began to add sitcoms from the 1970s (such as Happy Days, The Jeffersons, Good Times, and One Day at a Time) to the evening lineup; Little House on the Prairie aired during the late mornings continuously from 1986 to 2003.

Other programming[edit]

Music videos also aired during its late night lineup on weekends from June 1983 to May 1992 as part of the program Night Tracks, which aired in the form of two three-hour-long blocks (later reduced to two two-hour blocks in August 1989, and then to two 90-minute blocks in the spring of 1990), barring pre-emptions from sporting events that ran over their scheduled end-time. (The success of Night Tracks served as the basis for Turner to develop Cable Music Channel, an attempt at a competitor to MTV that operated for five weeks from October 26 to November 30, 1984, and was one of the shortest-lived channels in American cable television history.) Beginning in 1991, a handful of shows (mostly movies) that were shown nationally were pre-empted in the Atlanta market in order to broadcast FCC-mandated news, public affairs, and children’s programming; this continued until the split of the TBS national feed from the Atlanta station in October 2007.

In addition to offering conventional television programming over the main video-audio feed viewable to all multichannel television subscribers receiving the channel, Southern Satellite Systems transmitted two teletext services over the TBS superstation feed’s vertical blanking interval (VBI) that required a special decoder to receive the provided information services over the feed. SSS began transmitting the United Press International (UPI) teletext news service over the national feed’s VBI signal in 1979. 1981 saw the VBI signal begin to carry the Keyfax service out of Chicago. In 1985, SSS repurposed the VBI signal to transmit the Electra teletext service, Electra was transmitted over the VBI until the service was shut down in 1993 due to a lack of funding and interest. (The other partners in the venture, Zenith Electronics and Taft Broadcasting [formerly known as Taft Television & Radio Company during its earlier existence as both an electronics manufacturer and broadcaster] had respectively stopped manufacturing TV sets with teletext capability and had undergone several corporate buyouts).[55][56]

In the early 1990s, shows such as The Flintstones, The Brady Bunch, Scooby-Doo, The Jetsons, Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies shorts, Gilligan’s Island, and others remained on the schedule as other older shows such as The Three Stooges and Little Rascals shorts and Leave it to Beaver were dropped from the channel to make way for more sitcoms from the 1980s such as Three’s Company, Who’s the Boss?, Growing Pains, The Cosby Show, Family Ties, and Saved by the Bell. Original animated programs such as Captain Planet and the Planeteers, 2 Stupid Dogs, and SWAT Kats: The Radical Squadron were also added as part of the «Sunday Morning In Front of the TV» block. Following Turner’s acquisition by Time Warner, among the programming changes instituted after the merger was the addition of Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies cartoons that were released after August 1, 1948, which began airing on TBS as well as sister channel Cartoon Network in January 1997.

Time Warner purchase; shift towards comedy[edit]

Former logo as TBS Superstation, used from September 12, 1994, to December 31, 2002, until December 17, 1996, when the «Superstation» moniker was reincorporated into TBS’s branding, this logo was used in tandem with the 1987 logo (which continued to be used in title sequences for films, specials and newsbriefs) on which its design is loosely based.

Former logo as TBS Superstation, used from January 1, 2003, to February 1, 2004, a variant without the «Superstation» moniker was used thereafter until June 3, 2004.

On September 22, 1995, Time Warner—a New York City-based media company formed in 1990 through the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Bros. corporate parent Warner Communications—reached an agreement to acquire the Turner Broadcasting System (TBS) and its associated properties (including TBS, TNT, Cartoon Network, CNN and CNN Headline News as well as Turner Entertainment) for $7.5 billion; the deal would also expand Time Warner’s pay television holdings, as it had owned HBO and sister premium service Cinemax as well as cable television provider Time Warner Cable since the Time-Warner Communications merger six years prior. (Time Warner and predecessor Warner Communications had owned an 18% interest in Turner Broadcasting since 1987, as part of a cable television industry-backed bailout of the company amid severe financial issues.) Under the terms, Turner would acquire an approximate 10% interest in Time Warner as well as oversee its subscription network group—comprising the Turner and Home Box Office units and its minority interests in Comedy Central and E!—and hold a position on the company’s board of directors (which he retained until he stepped down from the company in February 2006) upon the merger’s closure.[57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65] The merger received regulatory approval on September 12, 1996; the Turner–Time Warner deal was finalized one month later on October 10, forming what at the time was the largest media company in the world.[66][67][68] In September 1996, TBS replaced religious programs and infomercials that had aired on Sunday mornings and late nights with animated series and feature films, respectively, in those time slots.

On December 17, 1996, when TBS celebrated its 20th anniversary as a national service, the channel reincorporated the «Superstation» moniker into its name, rebranding as «TBS Superstation» (this time with the second «s» rendered in lower case). (Promotions for the channel’s programming beginning at this time until 2004 often verbally referred to the national feed only as «the Superstation», a moniker that had previously been used in certain on-air promotions on an alternating basis or in conjunction with the WTBS/TBS name from its national launch as a superstation in December 1976 until December 1989). During this time, the network’s look included a spiral/swirl shape (frequently positioned behind the TBS logo, presumably to depict the superstation’s broadcast signal radiating outwards), as well as «Super»-branded blocks (such as Super Prime for prime time movie presentations, «Super TV» for weekday daytime films and series, and Super Weekend for film telecasts on Saturdays and Sundays).

On December 17, 1997, Time Warner purchased Southern Satellite Systems from Liberty Media for $213 million in cash, as part of a purchase option that Time Warner chose to exercise on September 16. Time Warner held out on an option to acquire SSS through a common stock buyout and instead chose a cash payment citing the «strong overall financial performance of its businesses and its belief that its stock remains undervalued» in spite of price appreciation having been appreciated. The purchase gave Time Warner control over uplink responsibilities for TBS.[69]

On January 1, 1998, the TBS national feed—although continuing to operate as a superstation by technicality—began operating under the conventions of a basic cable channel. At that time, the Turner Broadcasting System began to collect subscriber fees (averaging 26¢ per subscriber per month) directly from cable and satellite providers that had previously paid a 30¢-per-month licensing fee to Southern Satellite Systems for access to the TBS signal and a 10¢-per-month copyright fee to a federal copyright tribunal (which, in turn, paid the fee directly to program distributors) for rights to carry its programming. The additional revenue was intended to be used for programming acquisitions, particularly rights to first-run theatrical films. In exchange, TBS began to lease two minutes of advertising time per hour to multichannel subscription television providers to allow them to locally insert commercials catering to viewers in the provider’s service area; as a result, the channel began to broadcast fewer Atlanta Braves regular season games to a national audience, under amended contractual agreements between Turner and Major League Baseball in conjunction with the league’s cable-originated rightsholders, ESPN and Fox Sports Net/Liberty Sports, to allow TBS to continue carrying Braves telecasts nationwide.[70][71][72][73][74]

In 1998, TBS Superstation—which continued to run a mix of movies, sitcoms and drama series—removed all of its remaining cartoon shorts and animated series (which at the time were running under the Disaster Area banner), migrating those shows exclusively to Cartoon Network. (Many of these series also later became the core of a new channel devoted to classic cartoons, Boomerang, which launched in April 2000.) In 1999, TBS also refocused its original program offerings, removing documentaries and National Geographic specials—which were shifted over to CNN—in favor of carrying original made-for-TV movies and weekly series such as the reality show Ripley’s Believe It or Not! and the short-lived comedy series The Chimp Channel (a series based on the «Monkey-ed Movies» series of interstitial shorts parodying recent and classic theatrical movies with chimpanzees, voiced by human actors, in the roles).[75] By 2001, several sitcoms from the 1980s and 1990s such as Full House, Family Matters, The Cosby Show, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Friends, Seinfeld, and Home Improvement became part of the channel’s schedule; many of these shows aired as part of the «Non-Stop Comedy Block», a late-afternoon block of mostly adult-targeted comedy series that debuted in January 2002.

Former TBS logo, used from June 4, 2004, to October 30, 2015.

In September 2003, TBS dropped Little House on the Prairie and other dramatic programming as a part of a format shift toward comedic programs, such as sitcom reruns, original reality television series, and theatrically released comedy films. As part of this refocusing, the «Superstation» sub-brand was once again dropped in February 2004, with the channel reverting to being branded as simply TBS. Subsequently, on June 4, 2004, to signify the channel’s new comedy programming focus, TBS introduced a new logo (designed by Publicis New York) that rendered the channel’s name in lowercase and incorporated a semicircle made to resemble a mouth open as if it were laughing and adopted the slogan «veryfunny.» The semicircle element took on a motif with half a baseball or basketball rendered within it for Turner Sports programming. The refocusing was intended to position its programming as a direct contrast to sister channel TNT, which had initially focused mainly around older movies and sports but moved toward and now focuses primarily on drama series and films.[76][77]

Split from the Atlanta signal[edit]

In late June 2007, the Turner Broadcasting System announced that WTBS would change its callsign to WPCH-TV, and would be rebranded as «Peachtree TV.» The rebranded channel 17 would offer sitcoms and movies geared specifically toward the station’s Atlanta audience, and would also broadcast 45 Braves baseball games starting with the team’s 2008 season. The change occurred on October 1, 2007, with the national feed becoming a separate cable/satellite channel that retained the TBS name. In addition, the channel 17 changeover allowed Atlanta-area cable and IPTV subscribers—including those of Comcast and Charter Communications—that previously were only able to receive WTBS’s local Atlanta signal to begin receiving the national TBS feed for the first time since the early 1980s.[78] (Despite the separation of TBS and its former Atlanta parent station, some local television listings publications have continued to refer to the channel as an Atlanta station in their channel charts and/or by that station’s former WTBS call letters in said charts and as an identifier in listings grids). Following the change, Canadian subscription television providers were legally required to continue carrying the local Peachtree TV signal, instead of switching to the national TBS feed.[79] Beginning with the 2008 season, TBS began airing Major League Baseball postseason games, with regular season baseball coverage expanding to include games from other MLB teams.

In November 2009, TBS debuted its first late-night talk show, Lopez Tonight, hosted by comedian George Lopez. One year later, the channel expanded its late-night offerings with the November 8, 2010, debut of Conan, after TBS struck a deal to give Conan O’Brien a show on the channel on the heels of his controversial exit as host of NBC’s The Tonight Show. Lopez Tonight ended its run on August 12, 2011, after it was cancelled due to a steep decline in ratings. In 2011, TBS also obtained a portion of the television rights to the NCAA Men’s Division I Basketball Championship—which it shares with Turner-owned sister channels TNT and TruTV, along with the tournament’s longtime over-the-air broadcaster, CBS.[80]

During the first quarter of 2012, TBS’s viewership in the 18-49 adult demographic beat all other advertiser-supported channels, in spite of the fact that TBS did not air any original programs in prime time during that period nor had it aired a show among the 50 highest-rated cable programs.[81] The channel’s third late-night talk show, The Pete Holmes Show, debuted on October 28, 2013, hosted by comedian Pete Holmes (like Lopez Tonight, it could not capitalize on Conan as its lead-in and was cancelled in May 2014).

On May 14, 2015, at the Turner Upfront presentation, president Kevin Reilly announced a major shift within the next few years for TBS and TNT. The expanded development slate would see TBS feature more original live-action comedies, original animated series, more late-night talk shows, and lots more of «big unscripted ideas with attitude». One of the first success stories out of this effort was the satirical news series Full Frontal with Samantha Bee, hosted by the former correspondent for Comedy Central’s The Daily Show (which served as a basis for Full Frontal‘s format).[82]

A new logo—which was previously revealed on social media 1½ months prior on September 16—made its official debut on the evening of October 31, 2015. Bumpers feature the logo being formed into different shapes, objects, structures and surroundings (such as a gravestone, a flag on a submarine sandwich, and a monster eating the former logo, etc.).[83][84]

AT&T ownership[edit]

On October 22, 2016, AT&T announced an offer to acquire Time Warner for $108.7 billion, including debt it would assume from the latter, the merger would bring Time Warner’s various media properties, including TBS, under the same corporate umbrella as AT&T’s telecommunications holdings, including satellite provider DirecTV.[85][86][87][88] Time Warner shareholders approved the merger on February 15, 2017; however, on February 28, 2017, FCC Chairman Ajit Pai announced that his agency will not review the deal, leaving the review to the U.S. Department of Justice.[89][90] The merger also resulted in the full separation of TBS from former parent station WPCH (this time by ownership) in an effort to expedite the AT&T–Time Warner merger, when on February 20, 2017, the Meredith Corporation—which had assumed operational responsibilities for WPCH from Turner/Time Warner in January 2011 to form a virtual duopoly with CBS affiliate WGCL-TV (channel 46)—announced that it would acquire WPCH-TV’s license assets from Turner for $70 million. (The sale of WPCH to Meredith received FCC approval on April 17, 2017, and was finalized four days later on April 21, 2017).[91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100]

On November 20, 2017, the Justice Department filed a lawsuit against AT&T and Time Warner in an attempt to block the merger, citing antitrust concerns surrounding the transaction.[101] The proposed merger—which had already been approved by the European Commission and Mexican, Chilean and Brazilian regulatory authorities—was affirmed by court ruling on June 12, 2018, after District of Columbia U.S. District Court Judge Richard J. Leon ruled in favor of AT&T, dismissing the DOJ’s antitrust claims in the lawsuit. The merger closed two days later on June 14, with the company becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of AT&T under the renamed parent company WarnerMedia. The U.S. Court of Appeals in Washington unanimously upheld the lower court’s ruling in favor of AT&T on February 26, 2019.[102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109]

On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of its broadcasting assets, in which WarnerMedia’s television properties would be divided among three divisions within the WarnerMedia umbrella. TBS, along with TNT, truTV and HBO would be reassigned to WarnerMedia Entertainment. The move would effectively dissolve the Turner Broadcasting System umbrella as part of a wind-down of the Turner name from the reorganized parent company’s corporate structure. AT&T did not specify any timetable for the changes to take effect, although WarnerMedia had begun to remove all Turner references in corporate communications and press releases, referring to that unit’s networks as «divisions of WarnerMedia».[110][111][112]

Warner Bros. Discovery era[edit]

On April 8, 2022, WarnerMedia was divested by AT&T and merged with Discovery Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery.[113] On April 26, it was reported that WBD had suspended original scripted series development at TBS and TNT in order to evaluate the channels’ strategies moving forward. At this point, TBS only had three original scripted series still airing first-run episodes, American Dad!, Chad (which itself would be dropped by WBD before its’ already-filmed second season made it to air; it would later be picked up by streaming service The Roku Channel), and Miracle Workers.[114][115] On May 11, Brett Weitz was removed as general manager for TBS, TNT, and TruTV; the channels are now overseen by Kathleen Finch as head of U.S. Networks.[116][117][118]

Programming[edit]

TBS currently airs a mix of original sitcoms and reruns of sitcoms that were originally broadcast on the major broadcast networks. Original programs currently seen on TBS are American Dad! (which moved to TBS in 2014, after being canceled by Fox) and Miracle Workers.

The channel’s daytime schedule is heavily dominated by reruns of current and former network comedies, with these shows also airing in the evening and sporadically during the overnight hours. As of August 2021, these programs consist of Bob’s Burgers, Friends, Family Matters, George Lopez, The Big Bang Theory, and 2 Broke Girls.[119] Most reruns shown on TBS are broadcast in a compressed format, with content sped up to accommodate additional time slots for advertising sales.[120][121]

Turner Time[edit]

On June 29, 1981, TBS (as SuperStation WTBS) began to use a specialized program scheduling format known informally as «Turner Time.»[122] While program offerings on other broadcast and cable channels generally began at the top and bottom (:00 and :30 minutes) of each hour, TBS decided to begin airing programs—mainly original and off-network series, certain movies that followed blocks of series or maintained end times that did not fall within the half-hour, and sporting events—five minutes later, at :05 and :35 minutes past the hour.[123]

Programs seen on TBS were listed under their own time entry in TV Guide (which, upon its inclusion—starting as early as 1980—in the magazine’s listings section in all editions outside the Atlanta market, was designated under the alphanumeric «17A» identifier, before switching to the «TBS» identifier by 1987), during the period in which the magazine published log listings, as a result of this scheduling, thus enabling the program listings to catch potential viewers’ eyes more readily. (Newspaper-published television listings magazines varied in how they listed TBS programs scheduled under the «Turner Time» structure, with some that listed programs in a time-prioritized «log» format initially continuing to lump the channel’s shows with other programs with top- and bottom-of-the-hour start times for some period of time afterward.) The use of «Turner Time» also encouraged channel surfers who could not find anything interesting to watch at the top of the hour to still be able to watch a program on TBS without missing the first few minutes. Most importantly, since shows ended five minutes later than normal, from a strategic standpoint the off-time scheduling usually encouraged viewers to continue watching TBS rather than turning to another channel to watch a program that would already be airing in progress. (By 1991, the three major American broadcast networks also adopted the :05/:35 scheduling in a much more limited form for their late night programming schedules, mainly to allow their affiliates to sell additional ad inventory within their local late newscast slots; this practice continues to the present day.)

TBS reduced its use of the «Turner Time» scheduling in 1997 and switched entirely to conventional start times at the top and bottom of the hour by 2000, by this point, log listings were being phased out in favor of a grid-based layout (TV Guide would eliminate logs completely in 2005), eliminating one of Turner Time’s strategic advantages. However, the channel continues to use unconventional start times for its movie presentations—which vary in their running times depending on the film’s length with commercials added to pad the timeslot (for example, a movie that starts at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time and has an allotted airtime exceeding 125 minutes may cause subsequent programming to start within the half-hour, such as at :15 and :45 after the hour). This often causes major disruptions in the start times of programming, and in some circumstances, conventional «top-and-bottom» start times would not be restored until early the next morning. While this is not exactly related to the «Turner Time» format, it may strategically serve the same purposes due to the off-time scheduling. The «Turner Time» format is similar to the scheduling applied by most premium channels and certain other movie-oriented services (which often schedule the start of programs in variable five-minute increments); other broadcast and subscription television channels have utilized similar off-time scheduling formats (such as Telemundo—which utilizes a «Turner Time»-style scheduling for programs during the first two hours of prime time—and Paramount Global-owned channels such as Nick at Nite, MTV and TV Land).

News programming[edit]

One type of programming that TBS does not produce presently is news. Nevertheless, TBS—during its existence as a superstation—produced a 20-minute-long satirical newscast, 17 Update Early in the Morning, from 1976 to 1979; hosted by Bill Tush and Tina Seldin, the program was taped at the end of the workday and aired between movies around 3:00 a.m. or 4:00 a.m. Eastern Time. Its format was similar to the Saturday Night Live news satire segment Weekend Update and was, to a certain extent, a forerunner to The Daily Show. The timeslot and the satirical content of the program were a reaction to FCC rules in effect at the time that required stations to carry some news and information content—although TBS had to broadcast news, the Federal Communications Commission could not dictate when it aired or demand that it have a serious tone. 17 Update Early in the Morning was cancelled months before Ted Turner began his serious television news venture, CNN, amid a Congressional investigation concerning whether he was fulfilling FCC public service requirements. Standard, more serious news updates with the 17 Update anchors—at first simply known as WTCG (News) Update, and later under the title NewsWatch—also ran during the day in-between programs. Upon its launch in January 1982, CNN2 (later Headline News, now HLN) assumed production responsibilities for the TBS NewsWatch segments, which began to be presented by that network’s anchors and were split into several topic-specific segments (under the titles BusinessWatch for financial news, SportsWatch for sports news and FashionWatch for news on current and emerging fashion trends).

On July 21, 1980, CNN began producing an hour-long weeknight news program for WTBS, the TBS Evening News, which usually ran at 10:00 p.m. Eastern Time (varying depending on the length of the movie or sports presentation that preceded it). Owing to WTBS’s national superstation status, rather than focusing on local news as prime time newscasts that aired on other independent stations had been doing (including those distributed as regional or national superstations), the program—which was originally anchored by David Jensen[124] (who previously served as a host for BBC Radio 1, where he would rejoin less than a year after the program launched), Kevin Christopher and meteorologist Dallas Raines—focused on national and international news headlines as well as national weather forecasts and sports headlines. The TBS Evening News was discontinued after four years as a result of low ratings due to the frequent programming delays, with the program ending after the June 29, 1984, broadcast; the program was relaunched on CNN as the CNN Evening News on July 2, 1984. In addition, on July 31, 1980, WTBS also carried a 24-hour simulcast of CNN in place of its regular programming schedule; the simulcast was intended to help encourage subscriber demand to force cable and C-band satellite providers to begin carrying the news channel.[125][126]

When the channel launched on January 1, 1982, WTBS also carried simulcasts of CNN’s sister channel CNN2. The channel’s launch was simulcast nationwide on WTBS as well as CNN starting at 11:45 p.m. on December 31, 1981, as a preview for cable and C-band providers throughout the U.S. that had not yet reached agreements to carry CNN2. Thereafter, initially to encourage viewers to ask for the network full-time, the station also ran a half-hour simulcast of CNN2/Headline News each morning at 6:00 a.m. in the Atlanta market and at 5:30 a.m. Eastern Time in the rest of the country. Abbreviated editions of Headline News would also occasionally be run as filler between daytime movie presentations and before the start of live sports telecasts. The Headline News simulcasts as well as the TBS NewsWatch segments were eventually phased out locally and nationally in 1996 following the relaxation of the FCC’s public affairs programming requirements. (As WPCH-TV, the Atlanta station ran an hour-long simulcast block of HLN’s Morning Express daily at 6:00 a.m. until the 2017 sale to Meredith, when it was replaced by a simulcast of WGCL’s morning newscast.)

On September 11, 2001, TBS (along with sister channels TNT, Court TV, Headline News and the now-defunct CNNfn and CNN/SI) carried CNN’s coverage of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and The Pentagon. During sports blackouts in some areas (particularly in markets where a channel such as a local broadcast station or regional sports network has the regional or local broadcast rights to a particular sporting event that is scheduled to air elsewhere around the country on TBS), TBS carries rolling news coverage from HLN in its place.

Movies[edit]

Feature films have been a mainstay of TBS since its inception as a superstation, although the number of films featured on the channel’s weekly schedule—which prior to that point, encompassed one to two films during the daytime and up to five at night on weekdays, and between eight and twelve features per day each weekend—has substantially declined since its 2007 conversion into a cable-exclusive channel.

In the present day, most of the films seen on TBS are of the comedy genre; however, some drama and action films continue to air on the channel periodically; movies on the channel generally air during the overnight hours on a daily basis and during much of the day on weekends (except from between 5:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. Eastern Time on Saturdays and 5:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time on Sunday mornings—with the start time subject to variation—due to sitcom blocks that typically air in those timeslots); this is in stark contrast to its existence as a superstation, when movies also filled late morning, early afternoon and prime time slots on weekdays. TBS broadcasts movies from sister companies Warner Bros. Pictures and New Line Cinema, along with films produced by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Lionsgate, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Universal Pictures, and Paramount Pictures.

Between the late 1990s and the early 2010s, TBS had frequently aired its prime time movies interspersed with other content and commentary (for example, Dinner and a Movie included cooking segments, while Movie and a Makeover featured fashion content); these wraparound segments later moved to weekend afternoon film presentations, before being dropped entirely by 2011. Since December 2004, TBS has broadcast a 24-hour marathon of A Christmas Story from Christmas Eve evening to Christmas Day evening; sister channel TNT has also run annual marathons of the 1983 film (airing concurrently with the TBS marathon event, but usually delayed by one hour) since 2014. Since November 2004, TBS has also run special prime time airings of The Wizard Of Oz in multiple showings around Thanksgiving each year. Once each weekend, TBS airs a movie in prime time with limited commercial interruption, branded in promo advertisements under the title «More Movies, Less Commercials» (sister channel TNT also runs a prime time movie each weekend, that is telecast with limited commercial interruption).

Sports programming[edit]

Baseball[edit]

Coverage of the Atlanta Braves Major League Baseball team—which was formerly owned by Ted Turner from 1976 until the 1996 acquisition of Turner Broadcasting by Time Warner[127]—was perhaps TBS’s signature program, mainly due to its viewer popularity in Georgia and neighboring states. Turner acquired the local television rights to the Braves for WTCG in July 1972, effective with the team’s 1973 season, assuming the contract from then-NBC affiliate WSB-TV, which had carried the franchise’s games since the Braves relocated from Milwaukee in 1966. Turner’s contractual agreement with the team reversed the standard of MLB franchises designating originating stations, arranging their own regional carrier networks and handling advertising sales for their game telecasts. It was also particularly striking given that WTCG had experienced major profit losses ever since Ted Turner assumed ownership of the station from Rice Broadcasting in 1970; WTCG had only then started to break even in revenue and was just beginning to become more competitive with the Atlanta market’s other television stations in terms of viewership.[128][129]

Channel 17’s Braves telecasts began airing nationally at the start of the 1977 season, after Turner and Southern Satellite Systems uplinked the station’s signal via satellite. As WTCG reached a significant cable penetration rate throughout the Southern U.S. during 1978 and 1979, Turner ceased syndicating the team’s game broadcasts and relegated those telecasts to the WTCG/WTBS cable feed, making the Braves the first team that did not provide live game coverage to broadcast stations outside of those within the team’s home market. Turner once famously tried to get Andy Messersmith to use his #17 jersey to promote Superstation WTBS in its early years (the back of the jersey read, «CHANNEL 17»). The MLB organization immediately stopped Turner from proceeding with this plan due to league regulations barring team jerseys from incorporating advertising other than that of the jersey’s manufacturer.

WTBS’s broadcasts of Braves games helped expand the team’s fanbase well outside of the Southern United States and earned them national prominence as «America’s Team», even as the franchise’s performance ranged from amiable to poor for much of the late 1970s and the 1980s. Some sportswriters even posited how such an awful team could have such broad availability via cable television, as with a 1990 Los Angeles Times column in which sportswriter Mike Downey jocularly lamented that TBS was short for «These Braves Stink.» (During the aforementioned period, the team’s only postseason appearance was in 1982 and only three seasons, 1980, 1982, and 1983, had the Braves achieve a scoring average above .500.)[130][131]

At the 2006 MLB All-Star Game, it was announced that TBS would begin carrying a television package that includes all major league teams beginning with the 2007 season. TBS began carrying all Division Series games and one of the two League Championship Series (assuming the rights from Fox and ESPN) as well as the announcements of the All-Star teams and any possible games to determine division winners and wild card teams (those were also carried previously on ESPN).[132][133] In 2008, TBS began airing MLB regular season Sunday games, with the provision that no team may appear on the telecasts more than 13 times during the season.

During the 2007 transitional year, TBS aired 70 regular-season Braves games. In 2008, the number of Braves telecasts was reduced to only 45 games, with TBS’s former Atlanta feed, WPCH-TV solely carrying the telecasts;[134] Turner syndicated the package to other television stations and local origination cable channels for broadcast in the remainder of the Braves’ designated market area. The final Braves game to be broadcast on TBS aired on September 30, 2007, with the first divisional playoff game airing the following day on October 1, 2007 (when the TBS/WPCH split occurred).

On October 18, 2008, a technical problem at the channel’s master control facility in Atlanta prevented TBS from showing the first inning of Game 6 of the American League Championship Series between the Boston Red Sox and Tampa Bay Rays; the channel aired a rerun episode of The Steve Harvey Show instead.[135]

National Basketball Association[edit]

In October 1972, WTCG obtained the broadcast rights to broadcast NBA games involving the Atlanta Hawks (which was also owned by Ted Turner at the time) under a ten-year agreement. WTCG/WTBS and its superstation feed aired an average of 55 Hawks regular season games per season.[136][137] TBS aired the games nationwide until the telecasts became subjected to NBA blackout restrictions within 35 miles (56 km) of the home team’s arena, resulting in many Hawks away games televised by the TBS national feed being unavailable to cable providers within the designated market area of the opposing team. (This restriction was dropped when TNT gained the right to be the exclusive broadcaster of any game that it chose to carry, although it was still subjected to league restrictions first imposed in 1982 that limited the number of games that could air per season on national and regional superstations.)

In the spring of 1984, WTBS reached an agreement with the NBA to broadcast games from league teams other than the Hawks beginning with the 1984–85 season; under the deal, WTBS/TBS maintained a package of approximately 55 regular season NBA games annually, with games airing on Tuesday and Friday nights.[138] From 1985 until 1989, WTBS/TBS also televised anywhere from 12 to 20 early round conference playoff games beginning with the 1985 NBA Playoffs as well as the NBA draft.[139][140] Under a joint broadcast contract signed between Turner Broadcasting and the NBA in the summer of 1987, the rights to NBA telecasts began to be split between TBS and upstart sister network TNT beginning with the league’s 1988-89 season, with TNT assuming rights to the NBA Draft and most NBA regular season and playoff games and TBS’s NBA telecasts being relegated to a single game or a double-headers one night per week.[141][142] In 2001, Turner Sports signed a new television contract with the NBA, in which TNT would become Turner Broadcasting’s exclusive rightsholder of NBA telecasts beginning with the 2002–03 season. (ESPN assumed TBS’s portion of the league’s pay television contract, though TBS maintained the right to air NBA on TNT games which have had overflow feeds.)

Professional wrestling[edit]

Professional wrestling aired on WTCG/WTBS from 1971 to 2001 under several different wrestling promotions. In 1971, the station served as the flagship outlet for the Jim Barnett-owned Georgia Championship Wrestling (GCW), acquiring the local rights to the program from WQXI-TV (now WXIA); the program concurrently began to be recorded in a soundstage at the channel 17’s now-former West Peachtree Street studios in Midtown Atlanta. When WTBS became a national superstation in 1976, Georgia Championship Wrestling became the first National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) promotion to maintain a nationally televised broadcast, a move which made many of the NWA’s regional promoters unhappy; however, Barnett allayed any issues citing that he was only using Georgia-based wrestlers.

In July 1984, GCW and the promotion’s television timeslot rights were acquired by the Vince McMahon-owned World Wrestling Federation (WWF; now the WWE). The replacement show, WWF World Championship Wrestling (later retitled WWF Georgia Championship Wrestling in March 1985), mainly served as a recap of matches that had previously aired on the WWF’s main programms, which angered Ted Turner, who hoped that the WWF would hold first-run matches originating from the WTBS studios. The WWF iteration of the show received much lower viewership than its predecessor; this led McMahon to sell the promotion’s Saturday night time slot to Jim Crockett Promotions (owned by Charlotte-based wrestling promoter Jim Crockett, Jr.), who assumed production responsibilities for the wrestling program and utilized the same set. (Crockett’s program relocated to a new arena soundstage at the CNN Center in 1988.)

In 1985, Turner acquired the television rights to Mid-South Wrestling (owned by Shreveport-based promoter Bill Watts) as a WWF alternative program. Although Mid-South quickly became the highest-rated program on WTBS, Watts lost out on acquiring the two-hour Saturday timeslot occupied by the WWF, when Barnett helped broker a deal that allowed Crockett to buy the slot from McMahon and become the superstation’s exclusive wrestling promotion. Through the early 1990s, the wrestling programs and Braves baseball were among pay television’s highest-rated offerings, due to heavy viewership in the Southeast.

In November 1988, TBS became the television home of World Championship Wrestling (WCW), which Turner acquired from Jim Crockett Promotions; from 1992 to 2000, it carried the weekly show, WCW Saturday Night, which served as the WCW’s flagship program prior to the launch of Monday Nitro on sister channel TNT in 1995. Another WCW show, WCW Thunder, debuted in 1998 on Thursday nights; the program was moved to Wednesdays in 2000, before it was cancelled in 2001 when TBS executive Jamie Kellner determined that wrestling did not fit the demographics of either TBS or TNT and would not be favorable enough to get the «right» advertisers to buy airtime—even though Thunder was the highest-rated show on the channel at the time.[143][144] In the book NITRO: The Incredible Rise and Inevitable Collapse of Ted Turner’s WCW by Guy Evans, it is said that a key condition in WCW’s purchase deal with Fusient Media Ventures was that Fusient wanted control over time slots on TNT and TBS networks, regardless of whether these slots would show WCW programming or not. This influenced Kellner’s decision to ultimately cancel WCW programming.[145]

On May 19, 2021, WarnerMedia announced that All Elite Wrestling’s (AEW) flagship show, AEW Dynamite, would be moving from TNT to TBS in January 2022, marking the first time in over 20 years that TBS would air professional wrestling programming since airing the last episode of WCW Thunder on March 21, 2001.[146] It was later announced that the show would start airing on TBS on January 5, 2022. It was also originally reported that AEW’s secondary show, AEW Rampage, would be moving to TBS as well. However, it was later reported that Rampage would stay on TNT.[147]

College basketball[edit]

In 2011, TBS obtained the television rights to the NCAA Men’s Division I Basketball Championship, with broadcast rights shared with CBS, and fellow Turner properties TNT and TruTV. TBS and the other two Turner-owned networks presently broadcast games played in the second and third rounds of the tournament, with TBS alternating coverage with CBS for the regional semifinals (Sweet Sixteen).[80] In 2014 and 2015, TBS and CBS split coverage of the Regional Finals (Elite Eight), with TBS gaining the two Saturday evening games and CBS retaining the two Sunday afternoon games. Also in 2014 and 2015, TBS covered the national semifinals (Final Four). In 2016, TBS televised the Final Four and the national championship game, beginning an alternating agreement with CBS through 2032. In even-numbered years, TBS now broadcasts the final three games, and in odd-numbered years, CBS televises the games.

College football[edit]

In 1981, WTBS acquired the cable television rights to broadcast college football games under a special «supplemental» television contract with the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) beginning with the 1981 season, limited to games which had already not been distributed for national broadcast by other networks. Beginning with the 1982 season, under a $17.6-million deal reached between the NCAA and Turner on January 27 of that year, consisting of live Division I-AA games on Thursday nights and Division I-A games on Saturdays during the fall. With this, its national superstation feed became the first cable channel to broadcast live college football games nationwide.[148][149] Beginning in 1984, WTBS’s college football coverage shifted to primarily focus on games involving teams in the Southeastern Conference (SEC). WTBS/TBS discontinued its college football contract after the 1992 season.

WTBS/TBS resumed college football coverage in 2002 through a sub-licensing agreement with Fox Sports, which allowed the Atlanta station and superstation feed to carry college football games involving teams in the Big 12 and Pac-10 conferences, to which Fox Sports held the national cable television rights, the network usually aired two games per week during the first four seasons of the contract, reduced to a single weekly game during some weeks in the 2006 season. These rights were transferred exclusively to Fox Sports and its regional sports networks beginning with the 2007 season.

NASCAR[edit]

TBS first began carrying NASCAR Winston Cup in 1983, when it acquired the rights to the Winston Western 500 (which was carried annually until 1987). It also broadcast the Richmond 400 spring race (later renamed the Miller High Life 400 and then the Pontiac Excitement 400) from 1983 to 1995, the Atlanta Journal 500 from 1983 to 1985, and the Nationwise 500 (later renamed the AC Delco 500) from 1985 to 1987.

For most of the 1990s, the only Winston Cup Series races aired on TBS were the two races held at Lowe’s Motor Speedway (Coca-Cola 600 from 1988 to 2000, UAW-GM Quality 500 from 1989 to 2000) as well as the Miller Genuine Draft 500 (later the Miller 500 and then the Pennsylvania 500) each July from 1993 to 2000. (TBS did not have rights to The Winston, which usually aired on TNN). TBS was also the home of the post-season exhibition races held at Suzuka Circuit and Twin Ring Motegi in Japan from 1996 to 1998. Select Winston Cup, Busch Series and Craftsman Truck Series races aired on TBS until the 2000 season. NASCAR events moved to TNT in 2001 as part of a deal between the organization, NBC and TNT, although the initial plans were for TBS to carry the races.[150] Instead, Turner Broadcasting decided that the NASCAR telecasts would better fit TNT’s «We Know Drama» image campaign.

Beach volleyball[edit]

As part of a multi-year deal with Turner Sports, the NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship was televised by TBS in 2016 and 2017.[151][152]

NHL[edit]

WTCG carried coverage of the National Hockey League’s Atlanta Flames from 1977 to 1980, when the team moved to Calgary.[citation needed]

On April 27, 2021, Turner Sports agreed to a 7-year deal for rights to the National Hockey League. While most regular season games will air on TNT, select playoff games will air on TBS instead.[153]

Esports[edit]

On September 23, 2015, Turner Broadcasting announced that plans to launch a Counter-Strike: Global Offensive esports league beginning in 2016.[154] There is also the possibility of other video games being added in future seasons.[154]

Availability[edit]

TBS is available on multichannel television providers (including cable, satellite and select over-the-top providers) throughout the entire United States. Until October 1, 2007, the national TBS feed could not be viewed within its home market in the Atlanta metropolitan area, due to the over-the-air presence of WTBS (channel 17), which carried a nearly identical schedule, with the only differing programming being children’s programs that meet the FCC’s educational programming guidelines and public affairs programming. The operations of WTBS and TBS Superstation were separated in October 2007, with the free-to-air Atlanta station becoming WPCH-TV, a general entertainment independent station focused solely on the Atlanta area. The national TBS feed became available to pay-television subscribers within channel 17’s viewing area as a result.

In April 1985, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) granted authorization for the WTBS Atlanta feed and three other American superstations (WGN-TV, WOR-TV and WPIX in New York City) to be distributed to multichannel television providers within Canada. Under CRTC linkage rules first implemented in 1983 that include requirements for providers to offer U.S.-based program services in discretionary tiers tied to Canadian services, TBS and other authorized U.S. superstations typically have been received mainly through a subscription to a domestic premium service—such as First Choice (later The Movie Network and now Crave), Moviepix (later The Movie Network Encore and now Starz), Super Channel, Super Écran, Movie Central (the original user of the Superchannel name, now defunct) and Encore Avenue (also now defunct)—although, beginning in 1997, many cable and satellite providers moved TBS to a basic specialty tier under a related rule that allows for one superstation of the provider’s choice to be carried on a non-premium tier.[155][156] Because the CRTC had only approved the Atlanta station’s broadcast signal for distribution to cable, satellite and other domestic subscription television providers, following the separation of TBS and WTBS/WPCH in October 2007, Canadian subscribers continued to receive the re-called WPCH-TV, instead of the national TBS channel. As they are not shown on WPCH, most of TBS’s flagship programs—such as Major League Baseball (both regular season and postseason games) and original series (such as Conan)—are carried on other Canadian specialty channels.[157][79]

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External links[edit]

  • Official website
Источник

Система вещания Turner

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (сокращённо TBS) — американский телевизионный и медиаконгломерат, входящий в состав AT & T’s WarnerMedia. Основанная Тедом Тёрнером и базирующаяся в Атланте, штат Джорджия, она слилась с Time Warner 10 октября 1996 года. Среди его основных свойств были его тезка TBS, TNT, CNN, Turner Classic es (TCM), Cartoon Network и Adult Swim, и TruTV. Он также лицензировал или имел интересы владельца в международных версиях этих свойств. Штаб-квартира собственности Тёрнера расположена как в Центре CNN в Даунтауне Атлё, так и в Вещательном Тёрнера у Техвуд-драйва в Мидтауне Атлё, в котором также располагается Тёрнер А.

Компания была известна несколькими новаторскими инновациями в многоканальном телевидении США, включая спутниковое подключение местной независимой станции Atl WTCG канала 17 как одной из первых национальных «суперстанций», и ее создание CNN первого 24-часового новостного канала.

14 июня 2018 года Time Warner была приобретена телекоммуникационной фирмой AT & T и переименована в WarireMedia. 4 марта 2019 года AT & T объявила о крупной реорганизации WarnerMedia, которая фактически распустит Turner как операционное подразделение, разбив некоторые из его свойств на две новые : WarnerMedia Entertainment (развлекательных кабельных каналов Тернера и HBO, но ударив TCM) и WarireMedia News & Sports (CNN and, Turner TransFfeller Sports). Корпоративный бренд «Тернер» также был свернут в связи с этими сетями. 10 августа 2020 года компания WarnerMedia переформировала сети Turner на базе развлечений под единым зонтиком, объединив WarnerMedia Entertainment и Warner Bros. Развлекательные активы в новое подразделение, WarnerMedia & Networks Group. По состоянию на 2020 год AT & T по-прежнему сообщает о финансовых результатах по кабельным сетям, поддерживаемым компанией WarireMedia, в рамках бизнес-подразделения Turner.

История

Бывший логотип Turner Broadcasting System, использовался с 1979 по 2015 год

Ранняя история

Turner Broadcasting System связывает свои корни с рекламной компанией в Саванне, штат Джорджия, купленной Робертом Эдвардом Тернером II в конце 1940-х годов. Тёрнер выращивал бизнес, который впоследствии стал называться Turner Advertising Company. Сын Роберта Эдварда Тёрнера, Тед Тёрнер, унаследовал компанию, когда старший Тёрнер умер в 1963 году. После поглощения компании Тед Тернер расширил бизнес на радио и телевидение.

Компания Turner Broadcasting System была зарегистрирована в Грузии в мае 1965 года.

1970-е годы

В 1970 году Тед Тёрнер купил WJRJ-Atl Channel 17, небольшую станцию сверхвысокой частоты (УВЧ), и переименовал её в WTCG, для материнской компании Turner Communications Group. В декабре 1976 года WTCG создала концепцию «superstation,» передаваемую через спутник в кабельные системы.

17 декабря 1976 года в 1 час. 00 мин. сигнал WTCG Channel 17 был передан по спутнику на его четыре кабельные системы в Гранд-Айленде, Раска; Ньюпорт-Ньюс, Нью-Йорк; Трой, Алабама; и Ньютон, Каньо. Все четыре кабельные системы начали получать уже идущий в 1948 году фильм Даны Эндрюс — Сезара Ромеро «Глубокие воды«. Фильм начался 30 минут назад. WTCG превратилась из маленькой телевизионной станции в крупную телевизионную сеть, что каждое из 24 000 домохозяйств за пределами 675 000 в Атланте принимало от побережья до побережья. WTCG стала так называемой Суперстанцией и создала предисловие к сегодняшнему базовому кабельному телевидению.

HBO отправилась на спутниковые передачи для распространения своего сигнала на национальном уровне в 1975 году, но это была услуга, которую кабельные абоненты были вынуждены платить дополнительно для получения. Инновации Теда Тернера сигнализировали о начале базовой кабельной революции.

В 1979 году компания сменила название на Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (TBS, Inc.) и письма звонков своего основного развлекательного канала на WTBS.

1980-е годы

1 июня 1980 года Cable News Network (CNN) был запущен в 5:00 p.m. EDT став первым 24-часовым новостным кабельным каналом. Команда мужа и жены Дэйв Уокер и Лоис ньюс заколдовала первый новостной эфир. Берт Рейнхи, в то время исполнительный вице-президент CNN, нанял большинство первых 200 сотрудников канала и 25 сотрудников, включая Бернарда Шо, первого аншора новостей сети.

В 1981 году Turner Broadcasting System приобрела Brut Productions у Faberge Inc.

В 1984 году Тёрнер инициировал Cable Music Channel, свой конкурс на MTV WASEC. Канал был недолгим, но помог повлиять на первоначальный формат VH1.

В 1986 году, после неудавшейся попытки приобретения CBS, Тёрнер приобрел киностудию MGM/UA Entertainment у Кирка Кёориана за $ 5 млрд. После Тёрнер имел мрачный долг и продавал части . MGM/UA Entertainment была продана обратно Кирку Кёриану. Лот MGM/UA Studio в Калвер-Сити был продан компании Lorimar-Telepictures. Тёрнер сохранил кино- и телевизионную библиотеку MGM до мая 1986 года, а также библиотеку Associated Artists Productions (до 1950 года библиотека фильмов Warner Bros. и картотеки Famous Popeye, первоначально выпущенные Paramount Pictures), а также американские/канадские права на дистрибуцию библиотеки RKO Pictures. Turner Entertainment была основана 4 августа 1986 года.

Turner Program Services («TPS»); дочерняя компания под зонтиком Turner начала внутреннюю синдикацию всей собственности, приобретенной в рамках окончательной продажи сделки MGM с Kirkorian. TPS унаследовала более 5000 программных заказов (исполненных, письма о намерениях), чтобы подготовить и отправить внутреннее соглашение о синдикации «формальным» образом лицензионным фильмам для трансляции на отечественных, бесплатных эфирных телевизионных станциях по всей территории США. Контрактный «бэк-лог» был заполнен к концу 1989 года, при этом все еще выполняя новые и текущие потребности всех потребностей синдикации отечественных телевизионных станций.

В 1989 году «TBS Management Company» под руководством Чарльза Шульца (первый контроль компании Теда на первоначальной, маленькой телевизионной станции) продвинула фокус на двух (2) дочерних компаниях по музыкальным исполнительским правам; одна — с Broadcast Music, Inc («BMI»); и ASCAP. В пространстве с 1989 по 1994 год Тернер прошёл путь от 2 дочерних музыкальных издательских компаний до не менее шестнадцати (16).

3 октября 1988 года компания запустила Turner Network Television (TNT).

1990-е годы

Тёрнер расширил своё присутствие в кинопроизводстве и дистрибуции, сначала с покупкой в 1991 году анимационной студии » a-Barbera» во время конкурсной ставки с компаниями «MCA/Universal», «Hallmark Cards» и несколькими другими корпорациями. 22 декабря 1993 года Тёрнер приобрёл компанию Castle Rock Entertainment. Спустя месяц Тёрнер приобрел компанию New Line Cinema.

1 октября 1992 года Тёрнер запустил Cartoon Network, а 14 апреля 1994 года — Turner Classic Ses (TCM).

10 октября 1996 года Тёрнер слилась с Time Warner, компанией, образованной в 1990 году объединением Time Inc. и Warner Communications. Благодаря этому слиянию Warner Bros. вернула себе права на свою библиотеку до 1950 года, в то время как Тёрнер получил доступ к библиотеке компании после 1950 года и другим объектам.

2000-е годы

В 2003 году Филип И. Кент эда Джейми Янера в качестве председателя. Оперативные обязанности для The WB были переданы Time Warner от Warner Bros. компании Turner Broadcasting в течение 2001 года, в то время как нер был председателем, но были возвращены Warner Bros. в 2003 году с уходом нера.

23 февраля 2006 года компания договорилась о продаже регионального развлекательного канала «Тёрнер Саут» компании «Тёрнер Энтертейнмент Групп». Контроль над телеканалом состоялся 1 мая, а 13 октября запустил его как SportSouth — coin entally, прежнее название Sports South, когда Тёрнер владел этим каналом в партнерстве с Liberty Media в период с 1990 по 1996 год.

В мае 2006 года Time Warner, владевшая 50% Court TV с 1998 года, выкупила оставшиеся 50% у Liberty Media и начала вести канал в рамках Turner Broadcasting. Канал был открыт как TruTV 1 января 2008 года.

Также в мае 2006 года Тед Тёрнер присутствовал на своём последнем собрании в качестве члена правления Time Warner и официально расстался с компанией.

5 октября 2007 года Turner Broadcasting System завершила «Claxson Interactive Pay Television Networks» в Латинской Америке.

2010-е и 2020-е годы

26 августа 2010 года Turner Broadcasting взяла под полный контроль Chil si, телеканал, принадлежащий президенту Чили ти Пиньере.

8 сентября 2011 года компания Turner Broadcasting System приобрела компанию LazyTown Entertainment, продюсера сериала «LazyTown«.

1 января 2014 года Джон К. Мартин эда Фила Кента в качестве председателя и генерального директора Turner Broadcasting.

В августе 2014 года The p сообщил, что Тёрнер готовится предложить бай-ауты 550 сотрудникам в рамках планов компании в 2015 году. В качестве фактора были названы показатели CNN и HLN, в то время как CBSSports.com сообщил, что рост платы за права, которую Тернер платит за свои трансляции в NBA на TNT, возможно, также был фактором. Далее в октябре 2014 года сообщалось, что компания планирует сократить рабочую силу на 10% (1475 человек) за счет размещения на широком наборе подразделений, включая корпоративные позиции.

14 августа 2015 года было объявлено, что компания Turner Broadcasting приобрела большинство акций в iStreamPlanet, компании, предоставляющей услуги потоковой передачи видео на базе iVegas, в попытке усилить свое чрезмерное программирование и перенести свою основную технологическую инфраструктуру в ud. iStreamPlanet является прямым конкурентом Major League Advanced Media. Сообщалось, что сделка была в состоянии в 200 миллионов долларов. В октябре 2015 года Тёрнер запустил потоковую видеосеть под названием Great Big Story.

В апреле 2017 года, чтобы ускорить продажу Time Warner AT & T, пройдя лицензионное право FCC, WPCH-TV был продан корпорации Meredith, которая уже управляла WPCH по местному маркетинговому соглашению с 2011 года в качестве родственной компании своему местному партнерству CBS WGCL-TV.

22 марта 2018 года Six Flags и Riverside Group объявили о партнерстве с Turner Asia Pacific, чтобы привезти на базе Tuzki и других принадлежащих Turner IP в свои тематические парки в Китае.

15 июня 2018 года было объявлено, что Джон Мартин покинет пост генерального директора после завершения Time Warner компанией AT & T. К сентябрю AT & T передала свой канал Audience, группу региональных спортивных сетей плюс стейки в Game Show Network и MLB Network Тернеру из AT & T Communications.

В декабре 2018 года Turner Broadcasting продала права на бренд и свою оригинальную библиотеку программирования до 2008 года дефектной кабельной сети Court TV (которая как truTV в 2008 году) компании K Broadcasting, с планами перезапустить её как эфирную цифровую сеть в мае 2019 года.

4 марта 2019 года AT & T объявила о крупной реорганизации своих вещательных активов для эффективного устранения Turner Broadcasting System. Его активы должны быть распределены между несколькими подразделениями WarnerMedia, включая недавно созданные WarnerMedia Entertainment и WarnerMedia News & Sports. WarnerMedia Entertainment будет в число HBO, TBS, TNT, TruTV, а также развивающийся видеосервис прямого доступа к потребителям (возглавляемый бывшим руководителем индустрии развлечений NBC Робертом Грини), в то время как WarnerMedia News & Sports будет представлять CNN, Turner Sports и региональные сети AT SpOrtsNet tsNet (которые будут возглавлять CN). Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang и Turner Classic Jes будут перемещены под Warner Bros. Развлечения через новое подразделение Global Kids & Young Ademts. Несмотря на то, что AT & T не указал никаких сроков для изменений, WarireMedia уже начал удалять ссылки на Turner Broadcasting в корпоративных коммуникациях, а пресс-службы ссылаются на свои сети как на » версии WarnerMedia».

10 августа 2020 года WarireMedia провела крупную корпоративную реконструкцию нескольких своих подразделений, в результате которой TBS, TNT и TruTV были возвращены под тот же зонтик, что и Cartoon Network/Adult Swim, Boomerang и TCM, под консолидацию WarireMedia Entertainment и Warner Bros. Соответствующие активы компании Entertainment образовали объединенное подразделение WarnerMedia & Networks Group. Кейси Блуа который работал в WarnerMedia с 2004 года (в качестве директора по разработке в HBO Independent Productions), и в конечном итоге был повышен до президента по программированию в HBO и Cinemax в мае 2016 года добавил к своей цели чрезмерное внимание к базовым кабельным сетям WarnerMedia и HBO Max.

Свойства

США внутри страны

  • Развлекательные сети Turner
  • TBS
  • ТНТ
  • TruTV
  • Turner Classic Ees
  • Теперь играющий журнал
  • Студия Т
  • Тернер
  • Группа новостей CNN
  • CNN
  • HLN
  • Фильмы CNN
  • CNN в Эспаньоле
  • Тернер Спорт
  • Спортивные сети AT & T
  • AT & T SportsNet
  • Сеть MLB (16,67%)
  • Отчет по отбеливателю
  • NBA.com
  • PGA.com
  • NCAA.com/Мартовское безумие в прямом эфире
  • NBA TV (принадлежит Национальной баскетбольной ассоциации, управляется Тёрнером)
  • Прочие активы
  • iStreamPlanet

Международный

Латинская Америка Каналы в Латинской Америке контролируются Turner Broadcasting System Latin America, в Атланте. Транслирует латиноамериканские версии каналов США, а также эксклюзивные для региона каналы. TBS LA также занимается продажами рекламы для Warner TV (принадлежит коллеге WarnerMedia подразделению Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.) и для бразилианского экшн-спортивного канала hoo.

  • Чилсие (Свободный воздух, Чили)

Новости и информация

  • CNN в Эспаньоле
  • CNN en Эспаньол Пан-региональный
  • CNN en Español Méx
  • CNN Чили
  • CNN ia (совладельцем «Транс Медиа»);
  • CNN International
  • Канал SD (Латинская Америка, Азия, Европа, Африка)
  • Channel HD (Азия, Ближний Восток и Северная Африка)
  • CNN Philippines (совместно с Nine Media Corporation и Radio Philippines Network в рамках соглашения о лицензировании бренда)
  • CNN k (совладельцем Dogan Media Group)
  • CNN HD (США)
  • HLN International
  • Канал SD (Азия, Ближний Восток и Северная Африка)

Индийский

  • CNN-News18
  • CNN Международная Южная Азия
  • Сеть карикатур (Индия)
  • Пого ТВ
  • HBO Индия
  • ВБ Индия
  • Zee Turner Limited (совместное предприятие с Zee Entertainment Enterprises)

Дети и подростки

  • Бумеранг Австралия и Новая Зеландия
  • Бумеранг MENA
  • Бумеранг ЦВЕ
  • Boomerang France (HD и SD)
  • Бумеранг Италия
  • Бумеранг Латинская Америка (HD и SD)
  • Бумеранг нордический
  • Boomerang Asia (вариант Multiaudio)
  • Бумеранг Турция
  • Бумеранг Великобритания и Ирландия (HD и SD)
  • Сеть карикатур в Латинской Америке (HD и SD)
  • Сеть мультфильмов Коломбия
  • Сеть карикатур Панрегионал (Южная и Центральная Америка)
  • Сеть мультфильмов Argentina
  • Сеть карикатур Мексика
  • Сеть карикатур Бразилия
  • Сеть карикатур Польша (HD и SD)
  • Сеть карикатур (Центральная и Восточная Европа)
  • Сеть карикатур Nordic
  • Сеть мультфильмов А
  • Сеть карикатур Nederland
  • Сеть мультфильмов йе
  • Сеть карикатур Пакистан
  • Сеть карикатур Франция (HD и SD)
  • Карикатурная сеть Канада
  • Карикатурная сеть Австралия
  • Карикатурная сеть Индия (HD и SD)
  • Хинди карикатурной сети
  • Сеть карикатур Великобритания и Ирландия (HD и SD)
  • Сеть мультфильмов + 1
  • Карикатурная сеть Япония
  • Сеть мультфильмов
  • Карикатурная сеть Россия и Россия Европа
  • Сеть мультфильмов MENA
  • Cartoon Network Arabic (HD и SD)
  • Сеть мультфильмов Arabic + 2
  • Сеть мультфильмов
  • Карикатурная сеть Корея
  • Сеть карикатур Азия
  • Сеть мультфильмов Филиппин
  • Тункаст (Латинская Америка)
  • Tooncast Pan-региональный
  • Тункаст Брэйсил
  • Cartoonito (Великобритания и Ирландия)
  • Карикатурито (Ближний Восток и Африка)
  • Карикатурито (Аа)
  • Канал Тоонами (Франция)
  • Пого (Индия)

Жизненный стиль

  • G * (Латинская Америка)
  • TruTV Латинская Америка (также в высокой четкости)
  • TruTV Pan-региональный
  • TruTV Brassil
  • TruTV
  • Телеканал TABI (Япония)
  • Таби Теле (Япония)
  • MONDO TV (Япония)
  • Mondo Mah-jong TV (Япония)

Музыка

  • HTV (Латинская Америка)
  • MuchMusic (Латинская Америка)
  • Имажине-Шоубиз (Индия)

Развлечения и развлечения

  • TNT (также в высокой четкости)
  • TNT Méx
  • ТНТ Брэсил
  • TNT Argentina (Архентина, Уругуай и Парагуай)
  • TNT Чили (Чили, Via, Венесуэла, Перу, Экуадор)
  • ТНТ Коломбия
  • TNT Панама (Центральная Америка и Кариббей)
  • Серия TNT (Латинская Америка, HD и SD)
  • TNT Африка
  • ТНТ Польска
  • TNT România
  • TNT Испания
  • TNT Comedy (Германия, ранее G * и TNT Comedy)
  • ТНТ (Германия)
  • Фильм TNT (Германия)
  • TNT Северный
  • I-SAT (Латинская Америка)
  • I-SAT Pan-региональный
  • I-SAT Арджентина
  • I-SAT Brassil
  • Космос (Латинская Америка, также в высокой четкости)
  • Космический Пан-регион
  • Космическая Арджентина
  • Космическая Брасиль
  • TCM (Латинская Америка)
  • TCM Pan — региональный
  • TCM Argentina
  • TCM Бразилия
  • Turner Classic es UK (HD и SD)
  • Turner Classic Ees Ближний Восток
  • Turner Classic es Африка
  • TCM Испания (HD и SD)
  • TCM Cinema (Франция) (HD и SD)
  • TBS (Латинская Америка)
  • TBS Pan-региональный
  • TBS Argentina
  • TBS Бразилия
  • Warner TV Юго-Восточная Азия (HD и SD)
  • Warner TV Индия (HD и SD)
  • Warner TV Латинская Америка (также в высокой четкости)
  • Уорнер, Мексика
  • Уорнер, Бразилия
  • Уорнер Арджентина (Архентина, Уругуай и Парагуай)
  • Уорнер Чили
  • Уорнер Пан Америка (Южная и Центральная Америка)
  • Уорнер-Коломбия

Спорт

  • ТНТ Спорт (Арджентина)
  • CDF (Чили)

Китайский язык

  • Китайский канал Феникса
  • Канал «Феникс Инфо Ньюс»
  • Китайский канал, Феникс, Северная Америка
  • Китайский канал новостей и развлечений Phoenix
  • Гонконгский канал, Финикс
  • О, К

Другие регионы

Региональные новости

  • CNN IBN, совместное предприятие Turner, TV18 и Global Broadcast News, которое только в Индии.
  • CNN k, принадлежащая Dogan Medya bu, только в Турции.

Развлечения

  • CETV (36%, совместное предприятие с TOM Group)
  • QTV (50%, совместное предприятие с IS Plus, филиалом JoongAng Ilbo) (Южная Корея)
  • Showtime Scandin a через Turner NonStop Television в Скандинавских странах.
  • Серебряный (телеканал), независимый и международный, через Turner NonStop Television в Скандинавских странах.
  • Звезда, программа новостей showbiz, через Turner NonStop Television в Скандинавских странах.

Анимация

  • Бумеранг Великобритания, различные каналы Бумеранг вокруг Европы
  • Boing (Италия) (Mediaset 51% и Turner 49%)
  • Боинг (Франция)
  • Боинг (Африка)
  • Боинг (Испания) (Mediaset 50% и Turner 50%)

Еэс

  • Lum es: 92%

Бывшие активы

Примечание: — Теперь принадлежит или скрывается братской компании, Warner Bros.

  • Кабельный музыкальный телеканал A defunct телеканал
  • Castle Rock Entertainment Кинопроизводственная компания *
  • CNN +, совместное предприятие Turner (50%) и Sogecable, которое только в Испании, закрыто в конце 2010 года.
  • CNNfn Неисправный телеканал
  • CNNSI Неисправный телеканал
  • Сеть карикатур, Inc. *
  • Сеть карикатур *
  • Сеть карикатур В *
  • Производство в сети мультфильмов *
  • Сеть карикатур Европа *
  • Заплыв для взрослых *
  • Игры для взрослых *
  • Уильямс-стрит *
  • Williams Street Records *
  • Williams Street West *
  • Бумеранг *
  • FilmStreach Служба потоковой передачи фильмов по умолчанию
  • Сеть игровых шоу (42%)
  • GameTap — продан Metaboli в 2008 году, позже закрыт в 2010 году
  • Мультипликационная студия Aa-Barbera Cartoons *
  • Хулу (10%)
  • SportSouth Региональная спортивная сеть (сейчас принадлежит Diamond Sports Group как Sports South)
  • Super Deluxe Дефунт развлекательной компании
  • New Line Cinema Кинопроизводственная компания *
  • Тоонами-Манш (Азия)
  • Тоонами Индия
  • ТХМ Юго-Восточная Азия
  • Turner Entertainment Co. Кинохолдинговая компания *
  • Turner Pictures Собственная производственная компания *
  • Turner Pictures Worldwide Distribution Международная дистрибьюторская группа по продажам *
  • Анимация элементов токаря Блок анимации по умолчанию *
  • Turner Home Entertainment Распространитель домашнего видео с дефектами (Слияние в Warner Home Video)
  • Turner Program Services Бывшая синдикационная группа − (Слились в Warner Bros ‘Telepictures Productions)
  • Turner South Региональный телеканал (Сейчас принадлежит компании «Спортивные сети» как «Спорт»);
  • WB — неисправная телевизионная сеть * (With Trib Broadcasting, 2001 — 2003)
  • Ху (Бразилия)
  • Universal Wrestling Corporation — профессиональное продвижение рестлинга, известное как World Championship Wrestling. В настоящее время является неоперационной компанией, некоторые активы теперь принадлежат WWE через WCW, Inc.
  • WPCH-TV — наземная вещательная станция в Атланте и бывшая суперстанция (в настоящее время принадлежит корпорации Мередит)

Внешние связи

  • Система вещания Turner (Tve)
Источник

Есть много знаменитостей, деятельность которых отложила отпечаток в умах людей. Одним из таких является Тед Тернер — известный медиамагнат, основатель компании CNN. Он всегда шел собственной дорогой, избегая шаблонов и стереотипов, благодаря чему стал известен как бизнесмен, филантроп и экстраординарный человек.

Эксцентричный миллиардер

Американский бизнесмен Тед Тернер никогда не отличался покладистостью. С юных лет он проявлял независимость своего характера, за что не раз был бит отцом. Эта черта наложила свой отпечаток на манеру подачи информации новостной компанией CNN. Неоднократно этот канал бескомпромиссно доносил сведения в обход запретов правительства, чем заслужил любовь простых людей.

Тед никогда не считался с мнением других. В своих новостях он высмеивал политиков, религиозные организации, бизнесменов. Если было нужно, мог вывернуть наизнанку администрацию Белого Дома.

Благодаря эксцентричному характеру не боялся выглядеть смешно. Однажды на заседании Turner Broadcasting System он появился в военном обмундировании времен гражданской войны Севера с Югом США и присутствовал на нем в таком виде.

Молодость Теда Тернера

19 ноября 1938 года в семье владельца рекламного агентства Эда Тернера появился на свет ребенок, которого назвали Тед.

Маленький Тед

В то время родители проживали в Цинциннати, и мальчик провел там раннее детство. Затем семья переехала в Теннесси, где прошли школьные и студенческие годы героя статьи.

Отец нередко наказывал Теда физически. Но он сам признавался, что побои закалили его характер, чем помогли ему во взрослой жизни.

Юность Тед провел в различных учебных заведениях закрытого типа. Первой школой, в которой он учился, была академия-интернат McCallie. Он никогда не радовал учителей примерным поведением и постоянно получал взыскания. Его больше увлекало изготовление чучел белок, которых ловил на территории школы.

Нарушителей дисциплины заставляли бежать полмили вокруг школьных корпусов. За первые полгода своего обучения Тед собрал больше тысячи подобных наказаний, что заставило задуматься учителей об их неэффективности.

Во время учебы в школе Теду приходилось участвовать в командных соревнованиях. Но нигде так и не преуспел, что было связано с его характером индивидуалиста. Единственной сферой, в которой он достиг успеха, был парусный спорт. С 9 лет Тед участвовал в парусных регатах. Часто сознательно шел на риск ради победы. Но при этом были случаи, когда терпел крушение. Впоследствии он станет двукратным победителем национальной парусной регаты.

Школа закончилась, и Теду нужно было выбирать, где проходить дальнейшее обучение. Сам он хотел поступить на филологический факультет, чтобы стать преподавателем греческого языка. Это решение не понравилось отцу, и тот уговорил сына получить экономическое образование, что оказалось весьма кстати.

Обучаясь в Брауновском университете, Тед Тернер имел хорошую успеваемость, не бросал он и парусный спорт. Вместе с тем его знали как повесу и завсегдатая студенческих вечеринок, пользовавшегося популярностью у женщин. Это неудивительно, ведь в молодые годы Тед Тернер на фото выглядит очень привлекательно.

Тед в молодости

Позднее, через 3 года, его отчислили за аморальное поведение в студенческом кампусе. Конфликт можно было замять, но слишком непочтительным было поведение студента по отношению к администрации университета.

По стопам отца

Вернувшись домой в 1960 году, Тед начинает работать в фирме своего отца. Настойчивость и смышленый ум помогли обойти местных конкурентов на рынке рекламы. Вскоре он женился на Джуди Гейл.

Первая женитьба

Однако брак долго не продлился, поскольку в жизни Теда началась черная полоса.

Несмотря на то что дела у подразделения Теда шли в гору, в целом компания находилась на грани банкротства. Отец, не сумев рассчитаться с долгами, покончил с собой выстрелом в голову. Но перед этим продал фирму конкурентам.

Семейный бизнес был единственным средством к существованию, поэтому молодой человек решил вернуть его обратно. Он обратился к председателю рекламной корпорации “Тернер Бильбордс” с просьбой аннулировать сделку, совершенную отцом. Но председатель был непреклонен. Он не видел в сыне Эда Тернера предпринимателя, считал его простым плейбоем, который хочет срубить легких денег.

Этот отказ заставил Тернера-младшего пересмотреть взгляды на ведение бизнеса. Он выработал новый подход, который можно охарактеризовать лозунгом “Бизнес — это война”. Тед и раньше не считался с окружающими, но после смены парадигмы начал действовать жестко и бескомпромиссно.

Первая победа

Подговорив бывших сотрудников своего отдела, Тед смог переделать документацию, которая была ключевым звеном в передаче компании. Затем он оповестил новых владельцев, что если те не аннулируют сделку, совершенную отцом, он сожжет документы, доказывающие ее правомочность.

Руководство компании “Тернер Бильбордс” снова недооценило Теда. Как неискушенному в бизнесе человеку, они поставили ему ультиматум: либо он забирает 200 тыс. долларов и отказывается от своих претензий, либо он платит корпорации 200 тыс. долларов и становится владельцем семейной компании.

Расчет был на то, что жадность возьмет верх, но Тед ответил, что он выбирает бизнес отца.

Несмотря на то что денег на выплату не было, Тед сумел выйти из этой истории без долгов. Продав принадлежащие семье акции, он расплатился.

Вся эта история вселила уверенность в предпринимателя Теда Тернера. Она послужила основой для его дальнейшей манеры ведения бизнеса. Он понял, что деловые отношения строятся по принципу животного мира: или ты съешь, или тебя съедят. В дальнейшей жизни всегда занимал наступательную позицию.

Телевидение как средство продвижения бизнеса

Дальнейшая история успеха Теда Тернера была связана с развитием телевизионных технологий. Шел 1964 год. Тед женится второй раз, на актрисе Ширли Смит. Их брак просуществовал 23 года, после чего она ушла, оставив Теду пятерых детей, трое из которых достались ему от второго брака, а двое — от первого.

Бизнес по наружной рекламе подошел к той черте, после которой его развитие остановилось. Среди предпринимателей есть мнение, что если нет развития, то обязательно происходит откат. Невозможно находиться на одном уровне. Зная об этом, Тед обратил свое внимание на телевидение и средства радиовещания как новые рекламные инструменты. Кроме этого, он решает заручиться поддержкой в правящих кругах и вступает в республиканскую партию.

1967 год стал переломным в биографии Теда Тернера. Он становится медиамагнатом, скупив обанкротившуюся телекомпанию WTCG. Это был новостной канал. Чтобы вытащить его из кризиса, нужно было чем-то заинтересовать зрителей. И первым изменением, которое выделило его на фоне остальных новостных каналов, был сдвиг времени выпуска новостей. В то время новости передавались в начале и в середине каждого часа. Тед изменил это время, сдвинув его на 5 минут вперед.

За последующие 10 лет произошло множество изменений. В 1970 году, благодаря введению телевизионных технологий, рекламная фирма отца стала самой большой на юго-западе США. Затем была основана компания Turner Broadcasting Systems, под крылом которой реализованы многие успешные телевизионные проекты. Канал WTCG становился все более популярным.

В 1976 году бизнесмен Тед Тернер делает ставку на трансляцию спортивных мероприятий. В связи с этим он покупает бейсбольную команду Atlanta Braves. Имея эксклюзивные права на трансляцию матчей с участием этой команды, удалось неплохо заработать. Это стало поводом для покупки баскетбольной команды Atlanta Hawks.

ted turner atlanta hawks

Затем он приобрел футбольную и хоккейную команды рангом пониже.

Рождение на свет CNN

1980 год ознаменовался появлением CNN. Тед Тернер — создатель первого круглосуточного новостного канала, два года бился, чтобы вывести CNN в лидеры в своей нише. Поначалу дела шли так плохо, что канал называли в народе Chicken Noodle Network, что означало «телевидение куриного бульона». Подразумевалось, что подача новостей была такой же обыденной, как бульон из курицы. Убытки в то время составляли более 2 млн долларов в месяц, а зарплата сотрудников была ниже, чем у работников радиовещательных каналов.

Спустя 2 года, благодаря инвестициям Теда и его энтузиазму, положение стало исправляться. Его связи в правительстве помогли получить эксклюзивный доступ к политическим событиям, местам проведения боевых действий.

основатель CNN

Формат круглосуточного вещания приобрел такую популярность, что новости стали транслировать не только на территории США, но и в других англоязычных странах. Канал получил филиалы в Японии (1982 год), в Европе (1985 год), и к началу нового тысячелетия вещание велось на 7 языках.

Теду Тернеру удалось переманить самых отвязанных репортеров с других каналов, метод подачи информации которых не позволял им реализовать себя. Здесь же они, получив полную свободу действий, выпускали новости практически без цензуры. Единственное условие, которое ставил перед ними босс, — быть первыми на местах событий. За годы своей работы корреспонденты CNN освещали военные операции в Ираке, войну в Югославии, вооруженный путч в России.

В 1986 году Тед начинает пробовать себя в киноиндустрии. Для начала он приобрел кинокомпанию Metro Goldwyn Mayer. Однако покупка оказалась убыточной, и после 4 лет владения MGM пришлось продать. Это был третий раз, когда он находился на грани банкротства. Единственное удачное событие, которое произошло в личной жизни Теда Тернера в тот период, — женитьба на известной актрисе Джейн Фонде.

Тем не менее после продажи MGM Тед оставил за собой права на трансляцию черно-белых фильмов, снятых компанией. В результате этого любители вестернов и старинного кино могут вернуться в прошлое вместе с каналом Turner Classic Movies.

канал Turner Classic Movies

Этот канал отличается тем, что на нем полностью отсутствует реклама. Его основу составляют киноленты, заслужившие признание зрителей прошлых лет. Здесь нет сериалов и низкосортных фильмов. Всего коллекция насчитывает свыше 5000 лент.

Риск — неизбежный спутник бизнеса

Биография Теда Тернера пестрит случаями риска, когда его предприятия оказывались на грани провала. Трижды он находился на грани банкротства, и каждый раз находил в себе силы переломить ситуацию. Один из руководителей Cable News Network вспоминал, как Тернер спрашивал себя: “Зачем я ввязался в это дело? У меня всего лишь 100 млн долларов. Наверное, я спятил”. Два года кредиторы следовали за ним по пятам, и он был на грани банкротства, но благодаря своей неуемной энергии добивался успеха.

Тернер с сигарой

Похожая ситуация была и в его увлечении парусным спортом. Он часто шел на риск. Однажды после кораблекрушения его пришлось спасать вертолетом. Во время одной из парусных гонок начался ураган. Все участники были вынуждены спустить паруса. Единственным, кто этого не сделал, был Тед Тернер. Тогда в урагане погибло 15 спортсменов.

Победитель регаты

С раннего детства Тед проявлял бунтарский дух, что доставляло неприятности его близким. Он говорил себе: “Я хочу быть хозяином мира”. Мало у кого в детстве возникают подобные желания. Но именно они позволили ему стать тем, кем он стал. Одна из известных цитат Теда Тернера: “Бизнес — это война, на которой раненых добивают и пленных не берут”.

Информационный бизнес растет

В 1989 году Тед основал развлекательный телевизионный канал Turner Network Television. Это было начало эпохи спутникового телевидения. Благодаря новым технологиям TNT транслировалось более чем в 200 странах.

В 1990 году появился спортивно-развлекательный канал SportSouth, который показывал все значимые спортивные события. Кроме того, он освещал деятельность спортивных команд, принадлежащих Тернеру.

Впоследствии TNT была переименована в Turner Broadcasting Systems Times Inc. Тед являлся ее владельцем на протяжении 8 лет, после чего продал ее за 7,4 млрд долларов, сохранив за собой пост вице-президента компании.

Основным детищем для бизнесмена Теда Тернера оставалась телекомпания CNN. Он никогда не вмешивался в метод подачи информации. Позже вспоминал: “Меня всегда интересовали новости. Еще до того, как я основал CNN. Я хотел не только их знать, но и освещать. Но что было главным в те годы? Конечно, холодная война между Советским Союзом и Соединенными Штатами. Я всегда недоумевал, как 12 % населения планеты могут решать участь остального мира: жить им или погибнуть?»

Известный филантроп

Будучи по природе максималистом, Тед полностью отдавался не только бизнесу, но и, например, благотворительности. Являясь миллиардером, он пожертвовал треть своего состояния на благотворительные проекты ООН. Еще в 1980-е годы передал несколько миллионов учебным заведениям, в которых он учился. Затем, в 1997 году, публично объявил о том, что 1 млрд долларов будет пожертвован им на благотворительность. Это был первый масштабный благотворительный проект подобного рода, и первый, кто его осуществил, это Тед Тернер, личное состояние которого составляло тогда 3 млрд долларов.

Множество упреков за этот поступок он получал со стороны, на что всегда отвечал: ”Да, ООН не совершенна, как и в любой организации, в ней есть бюрократические недостатки, но у нее благородные цели. Удар Никиты Хрущева башмаком по столу лучше атомного взрыва”.

Своим поступком Тед показал пример многим состоятельным людям планеты. Он говорил: “Я горжусь тем, что я сделал. Много миллиардеров не делают ничего полезного для других. Став одним из них, я был шокирован их нежеланием помогать человечеству”. После этого он стал призывать СМИ озвучивать имена тех, кто жертвует на благие цели. Ведь эти миллиардеры упиваются своим положением, наблюдая, как их имена перемещаются на верхние позиции в списках самых богатых людей. Возможно, что в них проснется совесть, и благотворительность станет хорошим тоном среди владельцев капитала.

Тед говорил, что ему всегда нравилось совершать щедрые поступки. При этом он отмечал, что удача компенсировала то, что он отдал другим. И не всегда деньгами. Порой это были удачные финансовые решения, порой — нужные знакомства, но все так или иначе приводило его к успеху.

Тем не менее не всегда ему давались легко подобные решения. В биографии личной жизни Теда Тернера есть момент, когда, будучи женатым на Джейн Фонде, он не решался ей сказать о своем желании пожертвовать 1 млрд долларов на благотворительность. Промучившись всю ночь, он, наконец, ей сказал об этом. В ответ он услышал: “Именно за твою щедрость я тебя и полюбила”.

Тед и Джейн

Как владельцу крупнейшей новостной компании, Теду известны глобальные проблемы человечества. Зная о них, он не может не направлять свои усилия на борьбу с ними. В последние годы тратит заработанное состояние на поддержание экологии, решение проблем женского неравенства, выступает за всеобщее разоружение.

Деятельность в России

Деятельность медиамагната распространилась далеко за пределы Соединенных Штатов. Отметился он и в России. В 1992 году прибыл в Россию с целью создать совместный телевизионный канал. Так был основан ТВ-6. Но, как говорит основатель с российской стороны, Эдуард Сагалаев, контракт пришлось расторгнуть, потому что Тернер хотел иметь полный контроль, назначив своих директоров и управляющих, а также владеть большей половиной пакета акций канала.

В итоге договор был расторгнут, и канал отошел Борису Абрамовичу Березовскому. Некоторое время Тернер обходил Россию стороной, но в 2001 году он с группой инвесторов выкупил долю акций компании “Медиамост”, принадлежавшую Владимиру Гусинскому.

В 2009 году вышла в свет книга Теда Тернера “Зовите меня Тед”, которую он представил в России. Тогда же он провел встречу со студентами МГИМО. В прессе были напечатаны фото Теда Тернера, выступающего перед студентами. Как посланник мира, он хотел донести до них мысль о необходимости иметь друзей на Западе. Ведь если у тебя есть хоть один друг в какой-либо стране, то воевать с ней тебе не захочется.

Сейчас Тед, как и прежде, работает над новыми проектами и тратит деньги на благотворительность. Одно из его новых начинаний — сеть ресторанов, где подают блюда из мяса бизонов. Эти животные одно время считались вымирающим видом. Такое положение было до тех пор, пока Тед на занялся их разведением на собственных ранчо.

Источник

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